Key term definitions Flashcards
What is a developed country?
Developed Country: An industrialised country with a well-developed economy and relatively high standard of living that is able to support the needs of its citizens
What is a developing country?
Developing Country: A non-industrialised (i.e. largely agricultural) country with a relatively fragile economy and low standard of living that is not always able to support the needs of its citizens.
What is human wellbeing?
The ability of people to access the things they need in order to live happy, healthy and contented lives
What is GDP and it’s weaknesses?
The total value of all goods and services produced in a year per capita.
It’s weaknesses include; doesn’t consider an even spread, black market, mothers who have domestic duties, happiness
What is an ngo?
Non-Government Organisation is an organisation independent of any government and generally works not-for-profit
What is a HDI?
Human Development Index is a measure developed by the UN that uses a range of different indicators to measure wellbeing
What is GNH?
Gross National Happiness is an alternative measure of wellbeing used by Bhutan that measures the population’s happiness to give an indication of wellbeing.
What are primary and secondary requirements?
Primary: Fresh water, a secure food supply , shelter, clothing and safety.
Secondary: Good health, the ability to make a decent living and access to education
What is HDI and it’s weaknesses?
The human development index measures only four indicators of wellbeing: mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, life expectancy, gross national income per capita. Long term changes, higher wealth doesn’t necessarily indicate higher welfare it depends on where the money is spent, wide divergence within countries
What is the better life index?
The Better Life index shows a comparison between countries key factors that contribute to wellbeing. It can show how high each country rank in each aspect in comparison to 40 other countries in the world. Weaknesses: only measures 40 countries, very vague and not very specific in certain areas, don’t look at other essential factors like religion, family life etc
What are attendance barriers?
System: lack of trained teachers, classroom and educational material such as books
Attendance: distance to school, school fees, safety, poor public transport
Social: variation in language, religion and conflict
Historical influence of wellbeing?
Colonial past and past conflicts. Effects on personal level such as reduced quality of life, human dignity and rights, increase in sexual violence, loss of life.
Regional: decreased access to land, food security, collapse of systems such as local government, transport, fewer job opportunities
National level: less public spending decline in economy, environmental degradation, people fleeing to other countries, less money spent on education, finical issues
Factors of the environment
Climate, water resources, soil quality, natural resources .
It can affect wellbeing as it’s costly to maintain and if crops are not grown affectively people will not have access to food and their would be high food insecurity due to overgrazing or rapid growth of population
Economic
Higher GDP means higher wellbeing. Trading routes and the ability to export and import goods and services generates money which the government can then spend on increasing wellbeing for the country
Political
Political stability, wars and conflict and corruption. Researchers believe that abuse of political power is the leading cause of poverty and inequality around the world and decreases wellbeing as the power is much stronger then the citizen’s. And governments that are corrupted weakens democracy and stops the development of the economy which is detrimental to wellbeing
