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History (America) > Key Question 1: Immigration > Flashcards

Key Question 1: Immigration Flashcards

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1
Q

By 1910 how many people had immigrated to America?

A

9 million

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2
Q

What policy did America have pre 1910?

A

Open Door Policy

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3
Q

By 1910 which people immigrated to America?

A
  • Native Americans
  • Black Americans
  • Eastern and Southern Europeans
  • Hispanics
  • Asians
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4
Q

Why were most people pushed to America?

A
  • Escape poverty

- Escape political and economic persecution

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5
Q

Why were most people pulled to America?

A
  • Promise of religious tolerance
  • Promise of land and property
  • A better life
  • Spirit of adventure
  • Equal opertunity
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6
Q

Where did most American immigrants arrive?

A

Ellis Island near New York

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7
Q

What percentage of immigrants arrived via Ellis Island?

A

70%

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8
Q

In 1900 what was the average age of immigrants?

A

24

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9
Q

What would happen when you entered the Great Hall on Ellis Island?

A

Medical test primarily on the eye to test for the disease trachoma and tested over financial position and literacy tests.

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10
Q

Why did the Open Door Policy break down?

A

There were feelings of hostility towards new immigrants who usually didn’t come from north or west Europe.

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11
Q

Why did people dislike new immigrants (post 1910)?

A
  • Illiterate
  • Poor
  • Of different culture or religion
  • Fear of communism by 1919
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12
Q

When was the Literacy Test passed?

A

1917

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13
Q

What was the Literacy Test?

A

Government legislation forcing tests on reading and writing for entry to America.

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14
Q

When was the Emergency Quota Act?

A

1921

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15
Q

What was the Emergency Quota Act?

A

A law which limited foreign immigration to America.

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16
Q

By how much did the Emergency Quota Act limit immigration?

A

357, 000 people per year or 3 % of a foreign population already in America by 1910 could be admitted then on.

17
Q

When was the National Origins Act?

A

1924

18
Q

What was the National Origins Act?

A

A law which further limited foreign immigration to America.

19
Q

By how much did the National Origins Act limit immigration?

A

150, 000 people per year or 2 % of a foreign population already in America by 1890 could be admitted then on. Immigration from Asia was prohibited.

20
Q

What was the main reason of the National Origins Act?

A

To limit Southern and Eastern European and stop Asian immigration.

21
Q

What did the end of the Open Door Policy cause?

A

Increased fear of immigrants, xenophobia and racial persecution.

22
Q

Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?

A

Italian immigrants, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, charged with armed robbery of a shoe-factory.

23
Q

What was found in the car of Sacco and Vanzetti?

A

Anarchist (anti-government) leaflets, and guns- which they had when they were arrested.

24
Q

What did Sacco and Vanzetti have against them in their case?

A

Public opinion because they were immigrants.

25
Q

How many witnesses testified for the Sacco and Vanzetti case?

A

61 stating them at the Shoe-factory to

]107 stating them elsewhere.

26
Q

When was the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti?

A

May 1921

27
Q

What did the judge do in the Sacco and Vanzetti case?

A

Judge Webster Thayer made anti-Italian jokes against the accused.

28
Q

Who admitted to the armed robbery in the Sacco and Vanzetti case?

A

Celestino Madeiros however no charges were dropped against Sacco and Vanzetti.

29
Q

When were Sacco and Vanzetti executed?

A

Electrocuted in August 1927 in Charlestown prison.

30
Q

What was the ‘Red Scare’?

A

The fear of communism spreading to America.

31
Q

When was the Communist Revolution in Russia?

A

October 1917

32
Q

What was the Industrial unrest in Boston in 1919?

A

The strike of 100, 00 members of the Boston police force in 1919- communism was blamed.

33
Q

When was the Wall Street bomb?

A

1920

34
Q

What was the Wall Street bomb?

A

The explosion of a bomb outside the Attorney General, A. Mitchell Palmer’s, home killing 38 people.

35
Q

When were The Palmer Raids?

A

1919-1920

36
Q

How many communists did Mitchell Palmer say were in America?

A

150, 000 or 0.1% of the population.

37
Q

What were the Palmer Raids?

A

A response to an imaginary threat attacking communists. 6, 000 were arrested without hearing and hundreds deported.

History (America) (7 decks)

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