key points - not specific topic Flashcards
describe how MRSA is resistant to methicillin and nafcillin?
altered penicillin-binding peptide
gram positive infection on prosthetic devices
staphylococcus epidermidis
dental caries
streptococcus viridans - streptococcus mutans
subacute endocarditis @ IVDU
staph aureus
subacute endocarditis @ post GI/Gu surgery
enterococcus
subacute endocarditis after oral surgery/dentist
Streptococcus viridans - streptococcus sanginuous
lancet shaped gram positive diplococci
streptococcus pneumoniae
pyrrolidonyl arrylamidase positive
streptococcus pyogenes
GAS
ASO titres positive
recent infection with streptococcus pyogenes
GAS
sepsis in babies
streptococcus agalactiae group B strep
positive hippurate test positive
streptococcus agalactiae
GVS
endocarditis + colon cancer
group D non enterococci - Streptococcus bovis biotype I = Streptococcus gallolyticus
can cause bactermia and colon cancer.
ABCDEFG of diptheria
ADP ribosylation Beta phage Corynebactirum Diptheriae Elongation Factor 2 granules
List the bacteria that can form spores.
Bacillus cerues - food poisoning Bacillus anthrax - anthrax Clostridium difficilie - colitis Clostridium tetani - tetanus Clostridium perfriengens - gas gangrene Coxiella burnetti - Q fever Clostridium botulinum - botulism
I say double zone of hemolysis you say?
clostridium perfringens and its alpha toxin
if I say widening the beta hemolysis of staph aureus you say?
streptococcus agalactiae with CAMP
GBS
if I say positive hippurate test you say?
streptococcus agalactiae
GBS
if I say positive pyrrolidonyl arylamidase you say?
streptococcus pyogenes GAS
if I say positive Elek test you say?
diphtheria toxin positive
flu like symptoms that progress rapidly to a) Fever b) pulmonary hemorrhage c) mediastinitis and d) shock
pulmonary anthrax
actin polymerization to move from cell to cell and across membranes
listeria monocytogenes with its tumbling motion and rocket tails from actin polymerization :) :)
what is the only gram positive moo to produce an endotoxin?
listeria monocytogenes
when I say black painless eschar with a surrounding vesicle that is PAINLESS and then becomes necrotic, still PAINLESS and can sometimes lead to bacteriemia/fatalities you think?
cutaneous anthrax
lethal toxin
oedema toxin
when I say cereulide, you think?
the preformed enterotoxin produced by bacillus cereus that causes emetic type of food poisoning after rehearting rice and pasta, you eat it. then you puke/nausea face after 1-5 hours of ingestion. hurrah.
oral and facial abscesses that drain through sinus tract
bacteria found in normal oral flora
not acid fast
anaerobe that you can treat with penicillin, not sulfur ;) :)
actinomyces
yellow sulphr granules
@ immunocompromised - pulmonary infections
@ immmunocompetnent after trauma - cutaneous infections
nocardia
aerobe
found in soul
treat with sulfonamides ;) (actinomycces sulfur granules)
niacin and heat resistant catalase, you say?
mycobacterium tuberculosis
low cell mediated immunity with a humoral TH2 response cannot be grown in culture glove and stocking armadillos deformity of digits
lepramoatous leprosy
Hansen disease
high cell mediated response with a largely TH! type immune response
few hypoesthetic, hairless skin plaques
tuberculoid leprosy
Hansen disease
leptospirosis presentation please
flu like symptoms
photophobia
conjunctival suffusion (erythema with no exudate)
jaundice
calf (typically) myalgia
in a surfer :) bc there is pee in the water
weil disease please
severe form of leptospirosis flu like symptoms azotemia jaundice renal and hepatic failure fever hemorrhage anemia
flu like symptoms azotemia jaundice hepatic and renal failure fever hemorrhage anameia
weil disease
leptospira interrogans
flu like symptoms jaundice photophobia calf myalgia conjunctival suffusion
leptospirosis
early sxs: erythema chronicum migrans, flu like symptoms, +/- facial nerve palsy
later sxs: monoarthritis @ large joints, classically knee, migratory polyarthritis AND av nodal block AND meningitis, polyneuritis, bilateral facial nerve palsy
lyme disease
borrelia burgdorferi
ixodes (anaplasma and babesia)
erythema marginatum joints subcutaneous nodules carditis syndenham chorea impetigo or sore throat before.
rheumatic fever
s pyogenes
what can give a false positive (specificity low) in the VDRL for syphilis?
viruses - mono and hepatitis
drugs
rheumatic fever
lupus and leprosy
anti beef cardiolipin - sensitive but not specific thus can rule out but not rule in. hurrah biostats.
neonatal pneumonia with staccato cough and eosinophilia
neonatal conjunctivitis
chloamydia trachomatis serotypes d-k
chlamydia trachomatis serotypes ABC
Africa
blindness - follicular conjunctivitis (conjunctival scarring, inverted eyelashes)
chronic infection
small painless ulcers on genitals
swollen painful inguinal lymph nodes that ulcerate to buboes
lymphogranuloma venereum
chlamydia trachomatis L123
chlamydia psitticia and pneunomiae
atypical pneumonia
insidious onset of headace, nonproducive cough with a positive cold agglutination test and growth of mulberry like colonies on cholesterol enhanced media in people less than 30 yo in the military, prison or college dorms
mycoplasma pneumoniae
name invasive bacteria that will cause PMNs to be observed in stool
shigella
salmonella
EIEC
campylobacter
name toxogenic bacteria diarrhoea style please
clostridium perfringens
ETEC
EHEC
vibrio cholera
list some motile gram negative/positive moos
vibrio cholera like a shooting star helicobacter pylori pseudomonas salmonella e coli campylobacter like gall wings yersina when its cold listeria tumbles rocket
bacteria associated with Fitz-Hugh-Curtis
inflammation of liver capsule with adhesions
Neisseria gonorrhoea
bacteria associated with Waterhouse-Friedrichson syndrome
Neisseria gonorrhoea
ecchymose, DIC. shock, coma and fatal
fever cills malaise prostration and petechial rash
high fever
severe pneumonia - upper lobe and unilateral
gi
CNS symptoms
leigonnaires disease
air conditioner
uti in catheter patients
pseudomonas and klebsiella
differentiate between EIEC, EPEC, EHEC, and ETEC
EIEC: invasive, presents like dysentery ie shigella style
EPEC: adheres to M cells; flattens villi and prevents resorption. diarrhoea in children
EHEC: shiga like toxin, no invasion but causes necrosis anyways - dysentery like presentation
ETEC: heat labile and heat stabile watery like cholera; contaminated water - travellers diarrhoea
red current jelly sputum
alcoholics
chronic lung disease
diabetics
klebsiella
puppies, poultry, meat, unpastuerized milk
gall wings
likes it hot
campylobacter jejuni
guillian barre and reactive arthritis
campylobacter jejuni
gallbladder colonization
week one - constipation with bacteria in blood
week two - fever
week three - bacteria in stool
salmonella typhi/paratyphi
rice water diarrhoea
alkaline media
permanent activation fo Gs
vibrio cholera
pseudoappendicitis puppies contaminated milk or porl cold motile when its cold but not when its hot
Yersinia pestis
gastritis peptic ulcers urease positive positive urease breath test gastric adenocarcinoma MALToma
helicobacter pylori
flu like symptoms myalgia of the calfs photophobia jaundice conjunctival suffusion (erythema no exudate)
leptospirosis
jaundice azotemia (liver and renal failure) fever hemorrhage anaemia exposure to water
tropics/Hawaii/surfers/occupation
weil disease aka icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis
broad based ataxia positive rhomberg charcot joint stroke without hypertension constriction with accommodation but not reactivit to light pupils
tertiary syphillis
what can give false positive VDRLs
virus - mumps and hepatitis
drugs
rheumatic fever
leprosy and lupus
epithelial cells undermicroscope that look stifled
vaginal fluid
bv
garnderella vaginalis
outdoor exposure
north Carolina, south Carolina, tenessee
rash that started on trunk
not on palms and soles
Typhus
epidemic R prowaekki from louse
endemic R typhi from flea
monocytes with morulae - berry like inclusions - in cytoplasm
erlichiosis
tick
granulocytes with morulae - berry like inclusions - in cytoplasm
anaplasmosis
ixodes tick
cattle and sheep amniotic fluid
pneumonia
endocarditis
Q fever
coxiella burnetti
