Key Points

Question 1

Age of puberty (months)

Answer 1

Cow: 8-12
Mare: 15-24
Ewe: 5-7
Doe: 5-7
Sow: 5-8
Bitch: 6-24
Queen: 5-12

Question 2

Type of placenta (gross)

Answer 2

Cow: Cotyledonary
Mare: Diffuse/Microcotyledonary
Ewe: Cotyledonary
Doe: Cotyledonary
Sow: Diffuse
Bitch: Zonary
Queen: Zonary

Question 3

Type of placenta (histological)

Answer 3

Cow: Epitheliochorial
Mare: Epitheliochorial
Ewe: Epitheliochorial
Doe: Epitheliochorial
Sow: Epitheliochorial
Bitch: Endotheliochorial
Queen: Endotheliochorial

Question 4

Breeding season

Answer 4

Cow: All year
Mare: April-September
Ewe: Short day breeders
Doe: Short day breeders
Sow: All year
Bitch: All year
Queen: Jan - Oct

Question 5

Type of estrus cycle

Answer 5

Cow: Polyestrus
Mare: Seasonally Polyestrus
Ewe: Seasonally Polyestrus
Doe: Seasonally Polyestrus
Sow: Polyestrus
Bitch: Monoestrus
Queen: Polyestrus

Question 6

Length of estrus cycle

Answer 6

Cow: 21 days
Mare: 21 days
Ewe: 17 days (range 14-19)
Doe: 21 days
Sow: 21 days
Bitch: 16-56 weeks
Queen: 1-3 weeks (if not mated)

Question 7

Duration of estrus

Answer 7

Cow: 12-18 hours
Mare: 4-7 days
Ewe: 36 hours (range 24-48)
Doe: 30-40 hours
Sow: 48-72 hours (2-3 days)
Bitch: 5-10 days
Queen: 3-6 days

Question 8

Mechanism of ovulation

Answer 8

Cow: Spontaneous
Mare: Spontaneous
Ewe: Spontaneous
Doe: Spontaneous
Sow: Spontaneous
Bitch: Spontaneous
Queen: Induced

Question 9

Time of ovulation

Answer 9

Cow: 4-16 hours after estrus
Mare: 24-48 hours before end of estrus
Ewe: 24 hours after onset of estrus
Doe: 12-36 hours after onset of estrus
Sow: 24-42 hours after onset of estrus
Bitch: 6 days before diestrus
Queen: 25-50 hours after coitus

Question 10

Ovulation rate (# of ova)

Answer 10

Cow: 1
Mare: 1-3
Ewe: 1-5
Doe: 1-5
Sow: 10-20
Bitch: 3-20
Queen: 1-12

Question 11

Transit time of ovum in oviduct (days)

Answer 11

Cow: 5
Mare: 5-6
Ewe: 4
Doe: 4
Sow: 2
Bitch: 8
Queen: 4-8

Question 12

Attachment (days)

Answer 12

Cow: 20
Mare: 25-56
Ewe: 16
Doe: 10-11
Sow: 16
Bitch: 16-18
Queen: 11-14

Question 13

Pseudopregnancy?

Answer 13

Cow: Not reported
Mare: Occasionally
Ewe: Not reported
Doe: Frequent
Sow: Rare
Bitch: Always (60-90 days)
Queen: Frequent (6 weeks average)

Question 14

Gestation length (days)

Answer 14

Cow: 278-293
Mare: 330-345 Avg 341 (11 m 11 d)
Ewe: 144-151
Doe: 147-155
Sow: 112-115
Bitch: 63 from ovulation
Queen: 58-68

Question 15

Birth numbers

Answer 15

Cow: 1
Mare: 1
Ewe: 1-5
Doe: 1-5
Sow: 6-12
Bitch: 1-20
Queen: 1-8

Question 16

Chromosome # (diploid)

Answer 16

Cow: 60
Mare: 64
Ewe: 54
Doe: 60
Sow: 38
Bitch: 78
Queen: 38