Key Issue 3 (1939 - 1949) Flashcards
Hitler's rule as the Fuhrer and total Nazi control - leading to defeat during WW2 and a partitioned Germany
What was the SS?
Hitler’s public police
What event on 27th February 1933 helped Hitler consolidate power?
Reichstag Fire
What law, passed on 23rd March 1933, gave Hitler dictatorial powers?
Enabling Act
What happened to political parties in Germany by July 1933?
One-party state - ‘Law against the formation of New Parties’
What was the Night of the Long Knives (29-30 June 1934)?
Purge of Hitler’s opposition - notably former SS man Ernst Rohm
How did Hitler become Führer in August 1934?
Hindenburg’s death
What was Nazi coordination policy?
Gleichschaltung
What was the role of the Gestapo?
Secret police enforcing Hitler’s will
Who led the SS?
Heinrich Himmler
What was the People’s Court?
Nazi controlled court used to punish opposition
Who was the Nazi Propaganda Minister?
Joseph Goebbels
What was the Reich Chamber of Culture?
Nazi controlled art
What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Rallies?
To showcase Hitler’s orator skills
What happened to anti-Nazi books?
Book burnings
What was the Nazi slogan for women?
Children, Kitchen, Church
What was the White Rose Group?
Students against Hitler, executed Hans/Sophie Scholl in 1943
Who led the Edelweiss Pirates?
Klaus Thormann
What was the July Bomb Plot (1944)?
Failed assassination attempt on Hitler
Who led the July Bomb Plot?
Claus von Stauffenberg
What was the Confessing Church?
Church that opposes the Nazis
What were the Nuremberg Laws (1935)?
Jewish people being outcasted from society
What was Kristallnacht (1938)?
A violent pogrom against Jews
Where were the first concentration camps?
Dachau, Germany
What was the Final Solution?
Extermination to the Jewish Problem
What was the T4 Program?
Genocide of disabled people
Who was Hitler’s Economic Minister (1934-1937)?
Hjalmar Schacht
What was Autarky?
Self-sufficient economy
Who replaced Schacht in 1937?
Hermann Göring
What was the Four Year Plan?
Plan to move towards Autarky
What happened to unemployment by 1939?
Dramatically reduced
What was Blitzkrieg?
Lightning War
When did Germany invade Poland?
September 1939
When did Germany invade the USSR?
June 1941
When was D-Day?
June 1944
What was the Battle of Stalingrad and why was it significant?
Nazi loss - turning point in war
When did Hitler commit suicide?
April 1945
Where did Hitler die?
Berlin bunker
Who became Chancellor after Hitler?
Joseph Goebbels
What was the Battle of Berlin?
The fall of Nazi Germany by the USSR
When did Germany surrender?
May 1945
What happened at the Nuremberg Trials?
Nazi officials were sentenced and executed
Who was sentenced at Nuremberg?
Nazi leaders
What was de-Nazification?
Returning to life post Nazis
What happened to Germany post-war?
Divided occupation
Which countries occupied Germany?
USA, UK, USSR, France
What does ‘Vergangenheitsbewältigung’ mean?
Overcoming the past
