Key Issue 2 Flashcards
Who were the first people to travel west through the Rocky Mountains? and when?
Mountain Men
Between 1820-1840
Why did Mountain Men go west?
To trap beavers for their fur.
What are the 2 reasons for Mountain Men being important?
They found safe routes through the Rocky mountins.
They told stories of the glorious west to people in the east.
Name 4 push factors for why people moved west.
East was becoming overcrowded.
Farming crisis in the east.
Economic depression in the east in the 1840s.
Religious and racial persecution in the east.
Name 4 pull factors for why people moved west.
Free/cheap/plentiful land (Homestead act 1862)
Gold.
Stories from Mountain Men.
Manifest Destiny - west needed civilizing.
Identify 7 problems faced when travelling west.
Dangerous terrain. Extreme weathers. Disease spread easily. Attacks from wild animals. Attacks from hostile Native Indians. Shortage of food and water. No maps so could get lost.
Identify 2 case studies of people who traveled west and describe what happened to them.
The Donner party 1846 - took a “shortcut” but got lost. Only 50/87 survived and onle due to turning to cannibalism.
The Sagars 1844 - everything bad happened
What year was gold discovered in California and who discovered it?
1848 by James Marshall
What year is associated with the “Gold Rush”?
1849
How much, on average, did people make a day panning gold?
$3
How much would you have to pay for a bottle of water in mining towns?
Hundreds of dollars
Name 3 problems with mining towns.
Spread of disease.
Problems with law and order.
Unofficial Miners courts.
Describe what Manifest Destiny was.
It was the idea that god wanted white Americans to go and spread their way of life (civilise) to the west.
Who started the Mormon religion?
Joseph Smith
What was the book published by Joseph Smith called and when was it published?
“The book of Mormon” in 1830
Give 3 examples of things the Mormons believed and practiced.
Polygamy
Conversion
Anti-slavery
When were the Mormons in Kirtland, Ohio?
1831-37
Why did the Mormons leave Kirtland, Ohio?
Mormon bank collapsed, had Non-Mormons members, people lost a lot of money and forced the Mormons to leave.
Where did the Mormons go after Kirtland and how long did they stay there?
Missouri, stayed a couple of months in 1838
Where did the Mormons go after Missouri?
Nauvoo, Illnois
What were the Mormons allowed in Nauvoo, Illnois? and what was Joseph Smith doing?
Their own laws and own army called the Danites. Joseph Smith was running for president.
When and why was Joseph Smith arrested?
1844, for destroying a Anti-Mormon printing press.
What happened to Joseph smith whilst he was in prison?
He got shot by an angry Non-Mormon mob.
Who took over leading the Mormons after Joseph Smith was shot?
Brigham Young
When did the Mormons start preparations to leave Nauvoo and where were they planning on going?
1845, Great Salt Lake
What preparations did Brigham Young take before moving to Great Salt Lake?
Sent a group before everyone else to plant crops along the way and set up winter quarters.
When did the Mormons arrive in Great Salt Lake?
24 July 1847
Why was Great Salt Lake/Utah refused becoming a state?
Because the Mormons ignored US laws.
What happened at Mountain Meadows in 1857?
140 Non-Mormons were massacred.
What year did the Mormons abandon polygamy?
1890
What happened to Great Salt Lake/Utah in 1896?
It became a state called Utah.
