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A// Wars Of The Roses > Key Info up to 1461 > Flashcards

Key Info up to 1461 Flashcards

1
Q

Acronym of battles

A

Six battles lost now we must survive Towton

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2
Q

Six battles lost now we must survive Towton

A 
St Albans
Blore Heath
Ludford Bridge
Northampton 
Wakefield
Mortimer Cross
St Albans 2 
Towton
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3
Q

St Albans 1 Date

A

1455

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4
Q

1455- 59

A

Relative peace as both sides lacked support

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5
Q

St Albans 1- who won?

A

Yorkists- led by Warwick

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6
Q

St Albans 1- killed?

A

Somerset and leading Lancastrians

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7
Q

St Albans 1- consequence?

A

York became protector again

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8
Q

Blore Heath- date?

A

September 1459

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9
Q

Blore Heath- who won?

A

Yorkists

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10
Q

Blore Heath- what happened

A

Warwicks dad (Richard Neville) intercepted Salisbury
Fake retreat led to attack on both sides
Salisbury promised support of Stanley’s- but they didn’t show up
York captain of Calais

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11
Q

Blore Heath- killed?

A

Lord Audley

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12
Q

Ludford Bridge- date?

A

October 12th 1459

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13
Q

Ludford Bridge- who won?

A

Lancastrian

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14
Q

Ludford Bridge- who switches sides

A

Calais garrison- would not fight the king

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15
Q

Ludford Bridge- consequences

A

York fled to Ireland and son (Earl of Rutland) and wife imprisoned in Coventry

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16
Q

Parliament of Devils- date?

A

November 1459

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17
Q

Parliament of Devils- where?

A

Coventry

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18
Q

Parliament of Devils- what was it?

A

Confiscated land and titles

Convicted York to treason

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19
Q

Who implemented the Parliament of Devils?

A

Margaret of Anjou

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20
Q

Another name for the Parliament of Devils?

A

Act of Attainder

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21
Q

How many Yorkists had the act of attainder passed against them

A

27 Yorkists (most family)

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22
Q

Parliament of Devils- consequences?

A

York wanted to be king advisor but now wants the throne as he lost everything
Nobles changed side as it was ‘too harsh’

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23
Q

Northampton- date?

A

July 1460

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24
Q

Northampton- who won?

A

Yorkists

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25
Q

Northampton- who helpers Yorkists over barricade

A

Lord Grey of Ruthin

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26
Q

Northampton- who dies?

A

Duke of Buckingham

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27
Q

Northampton- what happened?

A

Salisbury stayed in London as they marched London first then to Northampton
Lord grey helped Yorkists

28
Q

Northampton- why did York win?

A

Lord Greys help
Had control of river
Lancastrians cannons didn’t fire due to weather

29
Q

Northampton- consequences?

A

Yorkists take King back to London- to keep him safe but the government control

30
Q

York returns from Ireland- date

A

September 1460

31
Q

York walks into Westminster- date

A

October 10th 1460

32
Q

York walks into Westminster- what happens?

A

He tried to claim his title by placing his hand on the throne- Archbishop of Canterbury says ‘have you come to see the king?’

33
Q

York walks into Westminster- consequences?

A

York shows he wants the throne- intentions have changed

Doesn’t have support so looks bad

34
Q

Act of Accord- date?

A

October 1460

35
Q

Act of Accord- what is it?

A

York made heir to the throne but Henry stays on the throne for now

36
Q

Act of Accord- consequences?

A

York not natural heir to the throne
Disinherit Margaret’s son (Edward of Lancaster aka Prince of Wales)
Shows lords are desperate to compromise for peace

37
Q

Wakefield- date?

A

December 1460

38
Q

Wakefield- who won?

A

Lancastrian

39
Q

Wakefield- where at?

A

Sandal Castle

40
Q

Wakefield- what happened?

A

Duke of Somerset and Devon joined Margaret
Lancastrians surged Sandal Castle
York left to fight on open ground as left the castle (perhaps tricked out of it and underestimated the enemy)

41
Q

Wakefield- weapon of choice

42
Q

Wakefield- killed?

A

Richard of York
Lots of nobles
More than 2000 Yorkists lives

43
Q

Wakefield- consequences?

A

Earl of Rutland and earl of Salisbury executed

York killed- head stuck on an spike at the gates of York

44
Q

Mortimer’s Cross- date?

A

February 1461

45
Q

Mortimer’s Cross- who won?

46
Q

Mortimer’s Cross- who replaces York

A

York’s son Edward (he’s young and a good leader)

47
Q

Mortimer’s Cross- what happened?

A

Margaret promises possessions of people they defeat to Jasper Tudor and the Lancastrians (pillaging)
Yorkists motivated by York’s death- blood feud

48
Q

Mortimer’s Cross- propaganda

A

3 sons appeared in the sky (sign sent from God) that helped Edward of York and called him the chosen one
Edward wore black armour and fought so he had respect of captains

49
Q

St Albans 2- date

A

February 17th 1461

50
Q

St Albans 2- who won

A

Lancastrian

51
Q

St Albans 2- what happened

A

Warwick was beaten

York has defensive position and Warwick moves them and failed

52
Q

St Albans 2- consequences

A

Warwick fled to the midlands
London was left open for Margaret to go- she was refused entry
Edward given hero’s welcome to London
Edward made king, announced by Salisbury (now there were 2 kings!)

53
Q

St Albans 2- why was Margaret refused entry to London

A

Her army had a poor reputation due to robbery and pillaging towns

54
Q

Edward 4 announced as king- date?

A

March 14th 1461

55
Q

Towton- main reason for occurring

A

Fight for crown- there were two kings, Henry and Edward

56
Q

Towton- date?

A

29th March 1461

57
Q

Towton- who won

58
Q

Battle at Ferrybridge- date

A

28th March 1461

59
Q

Battle at Ferrybridge- consequences

A

Lancastrians forced to retreat

Lord Clifford killed

60
Q

Towton- who had higher ground

A

Lancastrians

61
Q

Towton- numbers of nobles

A

Lancastrians- 19

Yorkists- 8

62
Q

Towton- why York won

A

Weather- wind and snow blew into faces of Lancastrians and their arrows fell short and picked up by Yorkists to use
Late arrival of Norfolk made Lancastrians flee
Lancastrians trapped by the broken bridge and attacked
Edwards leadership

63
Q

Towton- killed

A

Northumberland

Devon and Wiltshire captures and executed

64
Q

Towton- Henry VI

A

Was not present as it was Palm Sunday, they escaped to Scotland

65
Q

Edward crowned- date

A

28th June 1461

A// Wars Of The Roses (3 decks)

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