Key Ideas: Socialism

Question 1

Fabians society was founded in 18__

Answer 1

1884

Question 2

Clause _ of the 19__ constitution was informed by which thinker?

Answer 2

. Clause 4

. 1918 constitution

. Beatrice Webb

Question 3

The minority report done by Beatrice Webb concluded what should be ‘from cradle til death’?

Answer 3

. Nursed when sick.
. Fed when young.
. Paid when working.
. Pension when old.

Question 4

What year was clause _ of the 19__ constitution scrapped?
By who?

Answer 4

. Year 1995
. Clause 4
. 1918 constitution
. By New Labour

Question 5

What’s Rosa Luxemberg’s opinion on the state?

Answer 5

That it can only be overthrown by popular class consciousness and natural revolution of the masses.

Question 6

What is Rosa Luxemberg’s vision of socialist society?

Answer 6

A society of collective ownership and debate, created by a working class that has liberated themselves.

Question 7

Luxemberg, like Lenin, thought that capitalism couldn’t…

Answer 7

Be reformed, only overthrown

Question 8

Marx and Engels though human nature was …

Answer 8

Maliable, now reflecting the selfishness aspect of it brought out by the system of capitalism.

Question 9

What is the theory of surplus value?

Answer 9

The theory that capitalism sows the seeds of its destruction by making the workers frustrated with not being prioritised over the increasing of profits.

Question 10

What are the key themes of socialism?

Answer 10

• Collectivism
• Class
• Distribution
• Common ownership
• Marxism
• Material analysis
• Equality of outcome
• Positive view of human nature
• Activism
• Maliable human nature
• Revisionism
• Statism
• The inevitability of change

Question 11

What was Rosa Luxemberg’s opinion on human nature?

Answer 11

Exactly the same as Marx’s

Question 12

What’s Rosa Luxemberg’s opinion on the economy?
Who did she agree partly with

Answer 12

Capitalism is more resistant to change than Marx or Engels elaborated on.
It may be necessary to have the workers be in lockstep to destroy the system.

A position of Lenin’s about more developed capitalist economies.

Question 13

What is the Beverage report?

Answer 13

A highly influential report on the post war state of Britain that informed evolutionary socialist Webb.

Question 14

Hayek was against the post-war consensus of the Beverage report.

why?

Answer 14

He said it was creating a nanny state and dependency culture.

That modern liberals were ‘selling out’ to socialist, anti-individualist rhetoric.

Question 15

Webb was against the idea of socialism via revolution.
what did she say about revolutions?

Answer 15

They were damaging to the human psyche.

Question 16

What did Mao say must occur in order to properly cement socialism as a way forward in the long run?

Answer 16

A cultural revolution must also occur whereby people learn both to shed their ‘petty Bourgeois’ sympathies for a greater good, and also learn to become autonomous and ready to hold their vanguard party to account.

Mao was commenting in particular on China’s peasant economy but this notion could be applied today for even developed economies like England’s.

Question 17

In 1965……..

Answer 17

The comprehensive school system came in, a far more meritocratic, far less elitist education system, allowing for far easier social mobility.

Question 18

Social mobility is greatly emphasized by which 2 socialist thinkers?

Answer 18

Crosland: The managerial class

Gidden: The ‘embourgeoisement’ of society.

Question 19

in 1999 the what was established?

Answer 19

The standard minimum wage

Question 20

In 1991, likely with the influence of socialism and paternal conservatism, what did the Tory party do?

Answer 20

Create the tax brackets.