Key events section A

Question 1

First Opium War and treaty of Nanking

• China cedes Hong Kong to Britain
• Showed neighbouring countries China was weak

Answer 1

1839-42

Question 2

Second Opium War and convention of Peking

Answer 2

1856-60

Question 3

Cixi takes power

Answer 3

1861

Question 4

Boxer attacks begin

Answer 4

1895

Question 5

Nationalisation of railways

Wuchang Uprising and Yuan Shikai convined Puyi’s abdication

Answer 5

1911

Question 6

Boxer rebellion defeated

Answer 6

1900

Question 7

Sun Yatsen formed Revolutionary Alliance

Answer 7

1905

Question 8

Warlord period starts

Answer 8

1916

Question 9

United Front

Answer 9

1923

Question 10

Sun Yatsen Dies
May 30th Movement against foreigners and weak government, GMD + CCP gain support
- Shanghai Municipal Police officers opened fire on Chinese protesters in Shanghai’s International Settlement, the shootings sparked international censure and nation-wide anti-foreign demonstrations and riots.

Answer 10

1924

Question 11

Chiang Kai-shek head of GMD

Answer 11

1925

Question 12

White terror (Shanghai massacre)

• Chiang’s army dragged out and murdered 5000 knows communists and their sympathisers
• In Changsa over 3000 suspected communists were butchered in one day

Answer 12

1927

Question 13

Encirclement campaigns begin

- Goal was to isolate and destroy the developing red army

Answer 13

1930

Question 14

CCP declare war on Japanese

Answer 14

1931

Question 15

4th Encirclement campaign
- communists win, destroy over 30,000 nationalist troops
Zhou Enlai and Zhu De lead the Long March

Answer 15

1934

1934-35

Question 16

Zunyi conference-

- Mao assumed control of the march

Answer 16

1935

Question 17

Second United Front and GMD declare war on Japan

Loss of Beijing Nanking and Shanghai

Answer 17

1937

Question 18

Rape of Nanking

- Imperial Japanese Army murdered an estimated 40,000 to over 300,000 Chinese civilians

Answer 18

1937-38

Question 19

Mao takes control of the CCP

Answer 19

1938

Question 20

100 Regiments campaign

CCP attacks Japan

Answer 20

1940

Question 21

Chiang attacks the red army

Answer 21

1941

Question 22

Mao starts rectification campaign in Ya’nan and Cult of Personality begins

Answer 22

1942

Question 23

Coalition Government (CCP/GMD) proposed by USA, Chiang ignored and attacked CCP starting Civil War

Answer 23

1946

Question 24

Civil war

red army becomes PLA

Answer 24

1946-49

Question 25

GMD lose northern China

Answer 25

1948

Question 26

Battle of Xuzhou Railway, CCP pushed into South east.
Chiang and GMD escape to Taiwan
October-PRC established

Answer 26

1949

Question 27

May 4th movement

- Students protesting against governments weak response to the treaty of Versailles

Answer 27

1919