Key Definitions Flashcards
Asylum seekers
People fleeing their country of residence for international protection by another government
Colonialism
Gaining control of another country’s politics and governance
Diaspora
‘To scatter about’ - people displaced from their homeland, voluntarily or forced
Economic migration
The movement of an individual to improve their finance wealth and quality of living
Economic theory
Governments will maximise ‘economic efficiency’ - a productive workforce and a developed financial market - if they allow the free movement of goods, capital and labour
Embargoes
The limit or ban of trade between nations or participation within an IGO, often as a consequence of corruption / bad governance
Environmental migration
The movement of an individual or population due to natural hazards, drought, famine or sea level rise
Failed state
A country of weak economic or political systems, leading to declining quality of life or conflict
Forced migration
People are forced to flee from unsafe living conditions, persecution or conflict
Internal migration
The movement of an individuals residence within a country, often from rural to urban
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and World Bank Group (WBG)
Both offer loans and temporary financial assistance to developing countries
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
A fund of 189 member countries with the aim to aid each other to achieve financial stability and provide loans for development
Nationalism
Populations have a sense of loyalty to their country of origin or residence, by identifying with national values and celebrating traditions or beliefs
Net migration
The difference between inward migration and outward migration for one country
Pull factors
Reasons and perceptions to attract migrants to live in a place
Push factors
Reasons or perceptions that discourage migrants to live in a place
Refugee
The forced movement of an individual due to persecution, war or political unrest
Sovereignty
Control over a country’s own laws and regulations
State
Territory that no other country has power or sovereignty of. As of 2016, the UN recognised 196 states
Tax haven
A location notorious for low taxes or profitable bank saving schemes, leading to an increase in offshore bank accounts here
Voluntary migration
People choose to move to improve their quality of life and seek better opportunities
