Key Definitions

Question 1

Latitude

Answer 1

Distance from North or South of the equator, influencing Climate (e.g. Tropical regions are warmer, polar regions are colder)

Question 2

Altitude

Answer 2

Elevation above sea level; higher altitudes generally have cooler temperatures

Question 3

Relief

Answer 3

The differences in height from place to place on the lands surface (e.g. windward as leeward side of mountains)

Question 4

Relief (orographic)

Answer 4

Occurs when the moist air rises over mountains then cools and precipitates on windward side

Question 5

Frontal (cyclonic)

Answer 5

Occurs when warm and cool air masses meet, causing the warm air to rise and cool leading to rain

Question 6

Convectional

Answer 6

Occurs when the sun heats the ground, causing warm air to rise, cool then condense into rain

Question 7

Rain shadow

Answer 7

The side away from the wind of mountains that receives less rainfall due to the blocking of prevailing winds, resulting in dry conditions

Question 8

Tropical

Answer 8

Warm temperatures year-round, high humidity, significant rainfall

Question 9

temperate

Answer 9

Moderate temperatures, distinct seasons, varies rain

Question 10

Polar

Answer 10

Cold temperatures year-round, low rain, ice and snow cover

Question 11

Greenhouse Effect

Answer 11

Long term increase in Earths average surface temperature due to human activities

Question 12

Barometers

Answer 12

Measures atmospheric pressure

Question 13

Thermometers

Answer 13

Measures temperature

Question 14

Rain gauges

Answer 14

Measures rain/precipitation

Question 15

Anemometer

Answer 15

Measure wind speed

Question 16

El Nino

Answer 16

A climatic pattern characterised by the warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, affecting global weather patterns

Question 17

Isobars

Answer 17

Lines connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure

Question 18

Millibars

Answer 18

Units of measurement for atmospheric pressure

Question 19

High pressure (Shown as “H”)

Answer 19

Associated with clear calm weather

Question 20

Low pressure (Shown as “L”)

Answer 20

Clouds, rain and wind

Question 21

Fronts

Answer 21

Boundaries between air masses; cold fronts, warm fronts, stationary and occluded fronts

Question 22

Continental Climate

Answer 22

Found inland
Extreme temperature
Between summer and winter

Question 23

Maritime Climate

Answer 23

Near oceans
Milder temperatures
Higher humidity

Question 24

Cyclone Gabrielle

Answer 24

An example of an extreme weather event that caused damages, flooding and a massive economic impact

5th - 11th february 2023