Key Definitions Flashcards
Genotype
The genetic constitution of an organism ( the alleles it has for a gene)
Phenotype
The expression of the genes and it’s interaction with the environment
Homozygous
A pair of homologous chromosomes carrying the same alleles fro a single gene
Heterozygous
A pair of homologous chromosomes carrying two different alleles for a single gene
Recessive allele
An allele that is only expressed when no dominant alleles are present
Dominant allele
An allele that is always expressed in the phenotype
Codominant
Both alleles are equally dominant and expressed in the phenotype
Multiple alleles
More than 2 alleles for a single gene
Sex linkage
A gene whose locus the X chromosomes
Autosomal linkage
Genes that are located on the same chromosome
Epistasis
When one gene modified or masks the expression of a different gene at a different locus
Monohybrid
Genetic inheritance cross of a characteristic determined by one gene
Dihybrid
Genetic inheritance cross for a characteristic determined by 2 genes
Monohybrid diagram coding
Single letter capital or lower case, eg. B or b
Codominant diagram coding
Gene^allele , eg. I^B I^O
