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Wars of the Roses > KEY DATES > Flashcards

KEY DATES Flashcards

1
Q

Which Treaty was signed in 1444?

A

Treaty of Tours

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2
Q

Who was married in March 1445?

A

Henry VI marries MofA

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3
Q

What happened to York in September 1445?

A

York’s lieutenancy in France ends

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4
Q

Who is appointed Lieutenant of France in December 1446?

A

Somerset is appointed as lieutenant in France. This angers York

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5
Q

Who is appointed Lieutenant of Ireland in July 1447?

A

York is appointed lieutenant in Ireland- being sent as far away from court as possible, and seen as a bad option unlike France.

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6
Q

Which French territories are surrendered in March 1448?

A

Maine and Anjou surrendered (a secret deal made, angers general population)

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7
Q

Who do France invade in April 1449?

A

France invade English Normandy.

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8
Q

What does York do in July 1449?

A

York actually goes to Ireland for his lieutenancy.

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9
Q

What happened in April 1450?

A

Suffolk is exiled and then mutiny onboard his ship leads to his murder.

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10
Q

Which rebellion happened in May/June 1450?

A

Cade’s Rebellion. Lead by Jack Cade (alias Mortimer bc York’s maternal side name).

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11
Q

What happens in France in August 1450?

A

Normandy is lost, Somerset returns in defeat.

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12
Q

What begins in Ireland in September 1450?

A

York begins to return from lieutenancy in Ireland.

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13
Q

What does York do in November 1450?

A

York finally arrives back in England.

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14
Q

Which coup happens in March 1452?

A

The Dartford Coup is attempted, York is forced to swear loyalty.

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15
Q

What happens in August 1453?

A

Henry VI’s illness begins.

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16
Q

Who is born in October 1453?

A

Prince Edward born

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17
Q

Who is placed in the Tower of London in November 1453?

A

Somerset is placed in Tower of London

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18
Q

What begins in March 1454?

A

Beginning of York’s first protectorate.

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19
Q

What happens on December 25th 1454?

A

Henry VI recovers.

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20
Q

What ends in February 1455?

A

York’s protectorate ends and Somerset is freed.

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21
Q

Which battle happened in May 1455?

A

The First Battle of St Albans, Somerset and Clifford are killed.

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22
Q

What begins in November 1455?

A

York’s second protectorate begins

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23
Q

What ends in February 1456?

A

York’s second protectorate ends

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24
Q

What happened on March 25th 1458?

A

The Loveday Ceremony

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25
Q

Who disobeys who in October 1458?

A

Warwick disobeys Margaret of Anjou

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26
Q

Which battle happens in September 1459?

A

The Battle of Blore Heath

Yorkist victory

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27
Q

Which battle happens in October 1459?

A

Battle of Ludford Bridge

(Lancastrian victory, DoY flees to Ireland)

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28
Q

What happened in November 1459?

A

Parliament of the Devils

(Acts of Attainder passed against those who fought at Ludford)

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29
Q

Which battle happens in July 1460?

A

Battle of Northampton
(Lancaster lead by MofA vs Yorkists lead by Edward Earl of March [became Ed IV], Yorkist victory and capture of Henry VI)

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30
Q

What is passed in October 1460?

A

Act of Accord

York will be king when Henry VI dies

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31
Q

Which battle happened in December 1460?

A

Battle of Wakefield

York is killed

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32
Q

Which battle happened in February 1461?

A

Battle of St Mortimer’s Cross

Edward IV wins, vs Owen Tudor leading the Lancastrians

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33
Q

Which battle happened in February 17th 1461?

A

Second Battle of St Albans

Lancastrian Victory, Henry VI released from [Yorkist] Warwick’s hands.

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34
Q

Which battle happened in March 1461?

A

Battle of Towton

The bloodiest battle on English soil and Edward IV becomes king

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35
Q

What significantly happens in Early March 1461?

A

Edward Earl of March, proclaims himself king. (became Edward IV)

36
Q

Who is crowned king in June 1461?

A

Edward IV crowned King (beginning of first reign)

37
Q

Which battle happened in April 1464?

A

Battle of Hedgeley Moor (Yorkist Victory)

38
Q

Which battle and which wedding happened in May 1464?

A

Battle of Hexham & Edward IV secretly married to Elizabeth Woodville

39
Q

What happens to Henry VI in July 1465?

A

Henry VI is put in the Tower of London

40
Q

Which treaty happened in November 1467?

A

Burgundy Commerce Treaty brokered

41
Q

Which marriage treaty was made in March 1468?

A

Marriage treaty between Charles of Burgundy and Edward’s Sister __________

42
Q

Which rebellion happened in April 1469?

A

Rebellion of Robin of Redesdale.

Pro Lancastrian, said it was about taxes and abuse of power

43
Q

Which battle happened in July 1469?

A

Battle of Edgecote

Edward IV captured by Warwick, but released to deal with northern rebellions

44
Q

Which battle happened in March 1470?

A

Battle of Losecoat field (Yorkist royals [winners] vs Yorkist rebels)

45
Q

Who joins forces against Edward IV in July 1470?

A

Margaret of Anjou and Warwick join forces and plan to invade.

46
Q

What happens to Henry VI and Edward IV in October 1470?

A

Edward IV flees to Burgundy and Henry VI re-throned by Warwick (Kingmaker)

47
Q

Which battle happened in April 1471? And who was killed?

A

Battle of Barnet, Warwick is killed, Edward IV wins and returns to throne.

48
Q

Which (very important) battle happened in May 1471?

A

Battle of Tewkesbury
Edward IV vs MofA, Yorkist Victory. Lancastrian heir Edward (son of HVI is killed) and Henry VI is killed in ToL.
Ed dates his reign to before Tewkes. so those who fought against him were automatically traitors

49
Q

Which treaty was signed in September 1472?

A

Treaty of Chateaugirnon with Brittany (to attack France)

50
Q

When was the Treaty of London with Burgundy signed?

A

July 1474

51
Q

Which treaty is singed in August 1475?

A

Treaty of Picquigny - Edward is paid by France to leave and stop attacking.

52
Q

Who is executed in February 1478? clue: wine

A

Duke of Clarence (King’s younger bro) is drowned in a vat of wine for suggesting the queen (Eliz Woodville) practiced witchcraft.

53
Q

Who died in April 1483?

A

Edward IV dies of natural causes and his son Edward is placed as king with his brother Richard as Lord Protector

54
Q

Who is executed in June 1483 and under whose orders?

A

Hastings, Rivers, Grey and Vaughan executed under Richard’s orders

55
Q

Who is last seen in July 1483? and who is crowned?

A

The Princes in the Tower are last seen alive and are probably killed by Richard III.
Richard III is crowned.

56
Q

Which rebellion happens in October 1483?

A

Buckingham Rebellion.

A collection of rebellions but backed by Henry Tudor

57
Q

What happens to Richard III in April 1484

A

Richard’s III only son dies

58
Q

What happens in of March 1485?

A

Richard III’s wife suspiciously dies

59
Q

Which battle happens in August 1485?

A

Battle of Bosworth- RIII killed and Henry VII (Tudor) becomes king.

60
Q

Who is crowned in October 1485?

A

Henry VII crowned as king.

61
Q

Who is married in January 1486?

A

Henry VII marries Elizabeth of York, with Papal dispensation, unites York and Lancaster

62
Q

Which conspiracy happens in July 1486?

A

Lovell and Stafford Conspiracy

63
Q

Who is born in September 1486? and acts of what are passed?

A

Prince Arthur is born and Acts of Resumption are passed to increase finances.

64
Q

Which battle and which rebellion happened in June 1487?

A

Lambert Simnel’s rebellion and the Battle of Stoke

65
Q

Which Rebellion happened in 1489?

A

Yorkshire Rebellion- tax based.

66
Q

When was the Perkin Warbeck Conspiracy?

A

double check 1491-99- Warbeck was a pretender- pretending to be the younger of the princes in the tower

67
Q

Which prince was born in June 1491?

A

Prince Henry, who became Henry VIII

68
Q

When did the Cornish rebellion begin?

A

May 1497

69
Q

Which pretender surrendered in October 1497?

A

Perkin Warbeck

70
Q

When was Perkin Warbeck hung?

A

November 1499

71
Q

Which month of 1502 did Prince Arthur die?

A

April 1502 (eldest son and heir)

72
Q

Who died in February 1503?

A

Queen Elizabeth (Henry VII’s wife)

73
Q

Who was imprisoned in April 1506?

A

Edward de la Pole (in ToL)

74
Q

When did Henry VII die?

A

April 1509

75
Q

When was Henry VII’s commercial treaty with Burgundy?

A

1486

76
Q

Which treaty was renewed in January 1487?

A

A treaty with Maximillian (the heir to the HRE)

77
Q

When was the treaty of Redon with Brittany?

A

February 1489

78
Q

Which treaty was signed in March 1489?

A

The Medina Del Campo (with Spain)

79
Q

When was the Treaty of Etaples?

A

November 1492

80
Q

When was the Intercursus Magnus and who with?

A

February 1496, with Burgundy.

81
Q

When was the Trade Embargo made with Burgundy?

A

September 1493

82
Q

Which league did Henry join in 1495-96?

A

League of Venice (also known as the Holy League)

83
Q

What happened in October 1496?

A

Marriage talks with Ferdinand of Aragon (gains Catherine of Aragon from this for Arthur despite death.)

84
Q

When was the Peace treaty with Scotland and what was it called?

A

January 1502 the Treaty of Ayton

85
Q

When did Henry VII’s daughter marry James IV of Scotland?

A

August 1503

86
Q

When was the Malus Intercursus with Burgundy?

A

April 1506

87
Q

What year was England excluded from the League of Cambrais?

A

September 1508

Wars of the Roses (3 decks)

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