Key dates Flashcards
What happened on the 30th Jan 1933?
Hitler becomes chancellor (from here on out democratic principles are removed - begin)
What happened on the 27nd Feb 1933
Reichstag fire
What happened on the 28th Feb 1933
Reichstag fire decree. Loss of civil liberties (parties are not yet banned because Hitler needs and ‘enemy’ to characterise for the election)
What happened on the 5th March 1933
election - the Nazis do not get a majority (43.9%)
What happened on the 23rd March 1933
Enabling Act: Hindenburg does not give Hitler power - this is a law voted on in the Reichstag
Not a presidential decree → give Hitler emergency power for 4 years given the crisis circumstance.
Issues
- Communist threat
- Depression
- Millions unemployed
Hitler said he should be in control so that Germany could recover. Social democrats opposed
What happened on the 14th July 1933
Banning of political parties 1933
- Just say around July as the parties were banned over a period of time
More detail
Law against the Founding of New Parties passed 14th July 1933
- Banning of all political parties except the Nazi party
All other political entities were disbanded or dissolved. As a consequence, some activists fled abroad. Others prepared to work within an illegal party framework. Some parties went underground and some simply dissolved from intimidation and pressure.
Germany became a one-party dictatorship led by National Socialists, whom the law made the only legitimate political party in the country.
Pivotal step in the transformation of German society from a democracy to a dictatorship
What happened from 30 June 1934 – 2 July 1934
Night of the long knives
What happened on the 2nd of Aug 1934
Hindenburg dies, Fuhrer(on the same day also goes to the army leaders and army oath - to Hitler not to the country unlike other countries which get the army to swear to the country)
What happened in March 1933 - concentration camps
First concentratio camps at Dachau and Oraninburg to deal with politicla opponents
What happens on the 10th of May 1933?
Burning of the books
What happens on the 14 July 1933?
Law against the establishment of parties
consolidation of power: Nazis now the only legal political party in Germany
What happens on the 4th of October 1933?
Editorial law passed
All media now totally under Nazi control
What happens in Jan 1934
Abolition of state parliaments
What happens in April 1934
Abolition of Reichsrat (upper house of parliament)
What happens on the 20th July 1933?
Concordat
- Hitler does a deal with the Catholic Church which ends any potential tial catholic opposition
