Key Concepts and Settings Flashcards
What is aperture?
The adjustable opening inside a lens that allows light to reach the camera.
What is the difference between a big and small aperture?
A big aperture lets in more light, a small aperture lets in less light. Small apertures are good for overall sharpness, big ones for low-light shooting and selective blurring.
The focal length is…
The distance between the lens and the image sensor, measured in mm. 35 is standard
A shorter, wide-angle lens will provide a_____, while a telephoto lens will provide _____.
Less than 35mm provides a broader view than what the eye would see, greater than 35mm will magnify and narrow the field of view
Why is a DSLR lens better than a point and shoot?
- Can swap it out
- Wider aperture allows for faster shutter speed and greater control of depth of field.
- Bigger diameter means greater light and detail
How do you adjust focal length?
Turn the ring on the lens
A small f-stop means a ___ opening
Large
A large f-stop means a ___ opening
Small
What is depth of field?
How much of the photo is in focus
With a small aperture, the image will have a _____ depth of field, and ____
With a small aperture, there will be a deep depth of field and everything will look crisp
What is aperture mode good for?
Portraits
Closeups
Landscapes
Good F-stop for landscapes and bright sunlight?
f/22 to f/14
Good f-stop for portraits and indoors?
f/11 to f/5.6
Good f-stop for Closeups and dim lighting?
f/4 or lower
The shutter blocks all light from the ___ until you ____
The shutter blocks all light from the image sensor until you press the shutter button to open it
What does a “bulb” setting do?
Keeps the shutter open as long as the shutter button is held down
Shutter mode is good for…?
Sports and action Wildlife and pets Indoors Nighttime Children
A low shutter speed ___, a high shutter speed ____
A low shutter speed lets in more light and a high shutter speed lets in less
Good shutter speed for sports and other action shots?
1/1000 sec. and faster
Good shutter speed for sunlight, long telephoto lens, wildlife, and children?
1/200 to 1/800 sec.
Good shutter speed for shade, outdoor portraits, and flash photography?
1/100 to 1/200 sec.
Good shutter speed for nighttime and other dim lighting?
1/30 sec. and lower. Requires tripod or other stabilizer
The higher the ISO, the ____ the light sensitivity. A camera set at ISO 100 needs ____ than a camera at ISO 800.
The higher the ISO, the greater the light sensitivity. A camera set at ISO 100 needs more light to properly expose an image than a camera at ISO 800.
What happens with an increase in ISO?
Image quality degrades in the form or noise.
What ISO is good for extremely low-light situations and fast shudder speeds?
ISO 640 and up
What ISO is good for indoors and dim light?
ISO 400 to 640
What ISO is good for shade and flash photography?
ISO 200-400
What ISO is good for bright sunlight and a slow shutter speed with a tripod?
ISO 100-200
You can typically get good results with ISO up to ____
ISO 1600
If you feel like you have to push ISO to the upper levels to capture a dark scene, you’re better off ____
Dialing down the shutter speed and finding a way to stabilize the camera
What is white balance?
The setting that tells a camera what white looks like under given lighting conditions, thus allowing the camera to record natural color in various types of light.
Typical light temp for a candle flame?
1850-1930 kelvin.
Typical light temp for an 100-watt incandescent bulb?
2700 k
Typical light temp for “cool” fluorescent light?
3750 k
Typical light temp for early morning/late afternoon sun?
5000 k
Typical light temp for noonday sun?
5500 K
Typical light temp for a cloudy day?
6500 K
What are the three main systems of the exposure triangle
Aperture, shutter speed, and light sensitivity/ISO
