Key Concepts Flashcards
How do you calculate magnification?
Image size
——————
Actual size
How to calculate a microscope’s total magnification?
Eyepiece lens X Objective lens
What’s the difference between a light microscope and an electron microscope?
Light microscopes use light to create an image, whereas electron microscopes use beams of electrons
Which part of a cell contains genetic information and controls the cell?
Nucleus
Name 2 plant and and animal cells parts where one is the powerhouse and the other has proteins in it.
Mitochondria and Ribosomes
Name 3 cell parts that can only be found in plant cells.
Cell Wall, Large Vacuole, Chloroplasts
What does a sperm cell use to penetrate the egg?
An acrosome
What happens when the small intestine digests food?
The surface area of the villi increases.
How are oviduct lining cells adapted to their job?
They contain strands of a substance that can contract a wavy pattern
What do prokaryotic cells have instead of a nucleus?
They have tail know as a flagellum.
How many layer do prokaryotic cells have? Name them.
3
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Capsule
What part of the prokaryotic cell is in nucleus and cannot be found in animal and plant cells?
Plasma
How are enzymes formed?
With chains of amino acids
Name the part of the enzyme which digests the nutrients.
The active site
How does the lock and key model make sense?
Because an enzyme fits together with the right substrate
What is meant by “denature”?
To destroy the characteristic of an enzyme.
What 2 things can cause an enzyme to denature?
Temperature and pH
What does optimum mean?
The best unit for something to do it’s function
What is diffusion?
The movement of a substance from a high concentration area to a low one.
What is osmosis?
A process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane.
How doo you calculate the % change in mass?
Change in mass
————————— X 100
Initial mass
What is active transport?
The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
