Key Concepts Flashcards
Explain the role of the active site of an enzyme.
The active site has a specific shape where the substrate binds.
Explain how electron microscopes have helped our understanding of cells.
They have a higher magnification and resolution, more sub-cellular structures are visible.
Explain why enzymes can only catalyse specific reactions.
The active site of the enzyme has a specific shape because of the order of the amino acids, that made the enzyme. The substrate must have a shape that is complimentary to the active site.
Explain how to use a light microscope to view a slide.
Place a slide on state of the microscope and look through the eyepiece lens. Start with the lowest magnification and turn the focussing wheel to the image.
State how the DNA in a bacterial cell is organised.
One large loop of chromosomal DNA and smaller loops called plasmids.
Why does the rate of enzyme catalysed reactions drop above 37 degrees celscius.
The active site changes shape and the enzyme becomes denatured.
Which monomers make up proteins?
Amino acids.
Describe the function of mitochondria.
Where aerobic respiration occurs which releases energy.
Define osmosis
Movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a partially permeable membrane.
When is active transport used?
When molecules need to be transported against a concentration gradient or are too big to diffuse through a cell membrane.
