Key Area 2: Everyday Consumer Products Flashcards
Functional group that alcohols are recognised by
Hydroxyl group
Hydroxyl group is the functional group present in alcohols
Covalent molecular compounds. -OH
Hydroxide ions found in alkalis
Ionic compound. OH-
General formula of alcohols
Cn H2n +1 OH
Alcohols contain the elements
Carbon hydrogen and oxygen
Naming alcohols
Add -ol
Properties of alcohols
- Boiling point increases with molecular size
- Liquids at room temp
- Increasing melting and boiling points increase their strength of intermolecular forces between molecules
Alcohols are used as
Fuels, drinks , solvents and disinfectants
Used as fuel because
Highly flammable
Used as solvents because
Volatility
Volatility
How quickly a liquid changes into a gas
Carboxylic acids are used in the preparation of
preservatives, soaps and medicines
Methanol and Ethanol burn with clean…
flames
Vinegar is a solution of
Ethanoic acid, molecular formula CH3COOH
Methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic and butanoic are … in water. Thereafter the solubility decreases as size …
- Miscible
- increases
Combustion reaction equation
Alcohol + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
Volatility
how quickly a liquid changes into a gas
Volitile
changing from a liquid to a gas
Isoprpyl alchol (ipa) systematic name (sometimes rubbing alcohol
propan - 2 - ol
What properties of alcohols makes them suitable for fuels?
highly flammable
What properties of alcohols makes them suitable solvents?
Volatility
As Carboxylic acids increase in size their melting and boiling points..
Increase due to the increasing strength of the intermolecular forces
Carboxylic acids can be identified by the carboxyl functional group…
-COOH
Carboxylic acids can be represented by the general formula…
Cn H2n +1 COOH
The carboxylic group must always be at the end of the carbon chain since…
there is only one spare bond
Straight chain carboxylic acids can be systematically named from structural formula containing no more than
8 carbons
Molecular formula can be
written
Structural formula can be
drawn
Solutions of carboxylic acids have a pH
less than 7
Solutions of carboxylic acids can react with
metals, metal oxides, hydroxides and carbonates forming salts
Salts are formed from
straight-chained carboxylic acids
Carboxylic acids are used in the preparation of
preservative soaps and medicines
Simple carboxylic acids are
liquid at room temperature
Carboxylic acids have a pH of
2 - 5 they are weak acids
Hydrocarbons contain
A compound that contains hydrogen and carbon … only
