Key Area 1.3 - Producing new cells

Question 1

What is the diploid number in humans?

Answer 1

46

Question 2

What is a chromosome?

Answer 2

A structure in which DNA is packaged.

Question 3

What is a gene?

Answer 3

Unit of genetic information found on a chromosome.

Question 4

What is DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)?

Answer 4

Substance of which genes are composed and into which genetic information is coded.

Question 5

What does diploid mean?

Answer 5

A cell with two matching sets of chromosomes.

Question 6

Stages of Mitosis

Answer 6

Stage 1 - Cell with a diploid number of 4

Stage 2 - Chromosomes replicate and a spindle appears

Stage 3 - Chromosomes move to equator

Stage 4 - Chromatids pulled apart

Stage 5 - Nuclear membranes reform and cytoplasm splits to form two daughter cells

Question 7

Why is mitosis important?

Answer 7

It ensures that each daughter cell contains a chromatid from each of the parent cell chromosomes. This means that each daughter cell will be genetically identical to the parent cell and contain all the genetic information needed to carry out all of its activities and functions.