Key ADA Concepts

Question 1

An impairment must substantially limit one or more ___ ____ ___ in order to be a disability covered by the ADA. These are activities that an average person can perform with little or no difficulty. ____ ____ ___ include, but are not limited to, caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, sitting, standing, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, and working. These are examples only.

Answer 1

Major life activities

Question 2

An impairment is only a “disability” under the ADA if it ____ ____ one or more major life activities. An individual must be unable to perform, or be significantly limited in the ability to perform, an activity compared to an average person in the general population. The regulations provide three factors to consider in determining whether a person’s impairment substantially limits a major life activity:

Nature and severity

Expected duration

Expected impact

Answer 2

Substantially limiting

Question 3

A person with a disability who satisfies the requisite skill, experience, education, and other job-related requirements of the desired or held employment position and who, with or without reasonable accommodation, can perform the essential functions of such position.

Answer 3

Qualified individual with a disability

Question 4

The position exists to perform the function.

There are a limited number of other employees available to perform the function, or among whom the function can be distributed.

A function is highly specialized, and the person in the position is hired for special expertise or ability to perform it.

Answer 4

Essential function

Question 5

A ____ ____ is a modification or adjustment to a job, the work environment, or routine that enables a qualified individual with a disability to benefit from an equal employment opportunity. The ADA requires ___ ___ in three aspects of employment: (a) to ensure equal opportunity in the application process, (b) to enable a qualified individual with a disability to perform the essential functions of a job, and (c) to enable an employee with a disability to enjoy equal benefits and privileges of employment.

Answer 5

Reasonable accommodation

Question 6

An ___ ___ is an action that requires “significant difficulty or expense” in relation to the size of the employer, the resources available, and the nature of the operation. The concept of ___ ___ includes any action that (a) is unduly costly, (b) is extensive, (c) is substantial, (d) disruptive, or (e) would fundamentally alter the nature or operation of the business.

Answer 6

Undue hardship