Kerry Loomes-1

Question 1

What are the three irreversible steps of glycolysis?

Answer 1

1- Glucose -> Glucose-6P (by hexokinase)
2- Fructose -> Fructose 1,6 Bis phosphate (by phosphofructokinase)
3- Phosphoenol Pyruvate -> Pyruvate (by pyruvate kinase)

Question 2

What compounds the phosphofructokinase activity?

Answer 2

Inhibitors: ATP, Citrate
Promoters: AMP, Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate

Question 3

What compounds regulate the activity of pyruvate kinase?

Answer 3

Inhibitors: ATP
Promoters:

Question 4

What is the cori cycle?

Answer 4

Glucose is used by the muscle in glycolysis to generate lactate and ATP
The lactate is then transported to the liver where ATP generated from the breakdown of fatty acids to CO2 and H2O is used to converted lactate back to glucose through gluconeogensis

Question 5

What are the effects of glucagon on the liver?

Answer 5

Causes the liver to release glucose into the blood and drives gluconeogenesis an glycogenolysis

Question 6

What are the effects of insulin on the liver?

Answer 6

Cause the liver to uptake glucose from the blood and drives glycogen synthesis and glycolysis

Question 7

What are the differences in the effects of glucagon and epinephrine?

Answer 7

They both have the same effects of promoting glycolysis and glycogen breakdown but while epinephrine acts on both the liver and the muscle, glucagon acts only on the liver and also stimulates glucose release into the blood.