Kernel Types- Lec.5

Question 1

Kernel- 3 line def. CPF

Answer 1

The kernel is the Central component of the OS.
Its Part of the OS, resides in memory.
It Facilitates interactions between hardware and software.

Question 2

Monolithic Kernel- def. + advantage + example

Answer 2

an OS architecture where the entire system runs in kernel mode, consists of a large executable that includes different services.
Advantage- no need for complex IPC which speeds up system call execution.
Example = Linux,Unix

Question 3

Modular Monolithic Kernel- def. + advantage + example

Answer 3

Allows runtime adding and removing of services like device drivers, file systems etc., operating in kernel space but seperate from the core.
Advantage- Maintains high efficiency by loading only necessary modules, optimizing resource usage.
Example = Linux

Question 4

Microkernel- def. , advantages EPRDS, example

Answer 4

Focuses on minimalism by running most services in user space, improving modularity but adding performance overhead due to increased communication between user space and kernel space. Advantages- Easier to extend a microkernel, easier to port the OS to new architectures, more reliable[less code to run in kernel mode], most services are run as daemons/servers in user space. Examples include Minix and QNX.

Question 5

Hybrid Kernel- def, advantages, example

Answer 5

Combines aspects of monolithic and microkernels. It moves some services back to kernel space for improved performance while maintaining modularity. Examples include Microsoft Windows NT, 2000, and XP.

Question 6

Simple OS examples

Answer 6

MS-DOS- single task os, FreeBSD - Unix variant that supports multitasking and uses fork() to create processes.