Keeping Healthy Flashcards
What is phagocytosis?
The ingestion of microorganisms by white blood cells - some of these microorganisms could be pathogens.
What are the seven food groups?
Water Vitamins Minerals Fats Fibres Protein Carbohydrates
What are antibodies?
They are produced by white blood cells to attach to pathogens and destroy them.
What are antitoxins?
They are released by white blood cells to attach to toxins released by bacteria and therefore cancel them out.
Name two diseases caused by bacteria.
Conjunctivitis
Food poisoning
Name two diseases caused by viruses.
Polio
Rubella
Which is the smallest pathogen?
Viruses.
Which pathogen can be used in food such as yoghurt and cheese?
Bacteria.
How do bacteria cause disease?
They enter the bloodstream, multiply and release toxins used to kill white blood cells.
How do viruses cause disease?
They enter the body and stay inside a host cell, multiply and burst the host cell so they can enter the blood stream.
What is droplet infection?
Millions of microorganisms (including pathogens) are expelled from the nose and mouth and are breathed in by other people.
Why can direct contact cause disease?
Some diseases can be caused by direct contact with infected skin, e.g. impetigo, genital herpes
Why can breaks in skin cause disease?
Pathogens can enter your body from cuts, scratches and puncture marks particularly if the wound is not cleaned e.g. HIV, hepatitis
Why can contaminated food and water cause disease?
Eating raw or dirty or undercooked food can pass pathogens down into your gut e.g. diahorea, salmonella
What is mutation?
The process by which bacteria are chosen by natural selection to change into antibiotic resistant strains of he same bacteria.
