Kawasaki Disease

Question 1

What is Kawasaki disease

Answer 1

Autoimmune systemic medium vessel vasculitis

Question 2

Typical patients affected

Answer 2

Young children usually under age 5 years, more common in Asians

Question 3

Features of Kawasaki disease

Answer 3

Fever, unwell child, widespread erythematous maculopapular rash, desquamation on palms and soles, strawberry tongue, cracked lips, cervical lymphadenopathy, bilateral conjunctivitis

Question 4

Fever in kawasaki disease

Answer 4

Persistent high fever of over 39 degrees for more than 5 days

Question 5

Acute phase

Answer 5

Fever, rash, lymphadenopathy - 1-2 weeks

Question 6

Subacute phase

Answer 6

Desquamation and arthralgia, risk of coronary aneurysms - 2-4 weeks

Question 7

Convalescent stage

Answer 7

Remaining symptoms settle, blood tests normalise - 2-4 weeks

Question 8

Investigation results of Kawasaki disease

Answer 8

Anaemia
Leukocytosis
Thrombocytopenia
Hypoalbuminaemia
Elevated liver enzymes
Inflammatory markers raised
Raised WBCs on urinalysis
ECHO for coronary artery pathology

Question 9

Management of Kawasaki disease

Answer 9

High dose aspirin to reduce thrombolysis, IV immunoglobulins to reduce risk of coronary artery aneurysms, ECHO follow ups