Kartilya

Question 1

Who is the author of Kartilya?

Answer 1

Emilio Jacinto y Dizon

Question 2

1. Editor in ____ newspaper of Katipunan
   Pen names 2. “______”
   Alias 3. “_______” in Katipunan

Answer 2

1. Kalayaan
2. Dimasilaw in newspaper
3. Pingkian in Katipunan

Question 3

Born in Trozo, Manila on December __, 1875

Died due to Malaria in Majayjay, Laguna
April __, 1899 (23y.o.)

Answer 3

1) 15

2) 16

Question 4

Father: Mariano Jacinto merchant, book keeper

Mother: Josefa Dizon hilot or midwife

Answer 4

Marina Dizon

cousin of Emilio Jacinto and daughter of Jose Dizon

Question 5

Educational background

• Private school of Maestro Ferrer
• Jose Dizon enrolled him at the College of San Juan de Letran for his Bachelor of Art
• Studied law at the University of Santo Thomas

Answer 5

Joined KKK (Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan) in 1894

19 y.o. youngest member

(Fiscal, secretary, editor, and later, general of the Katipunan)

Adviser of the Supremo

Question 6

Historical Background

Aside from the I’ll treatment of Spaniards, there were other influencing factors causing the creation of Katipunan and Kartilya

Answer 6

1. Enlightenment in Europe
2. French Revolution
3. Coming of Masonry in the Philippines
4. Propaganda Movement
5. La Liga and the Cuerpo de Compromisarios

Question 7

Enlightenment in Europe

Immanuel Kant summed the definition of enlightenment in the following terms “ Dare to know! Have courage to use your own reason!”

Answer 7

• Enlightened rationality pave way to Romanticism

- During this period, secret societies like the Freemasons

Question 8

French Revolution of 1789 was the culmination of the high enlightenment vision if throwing out old authorities

A legacy of the Age of Enlightenment, the motto “Liberté”

Answer 8

These two events encourage the Filipinos to take a stand for reforms and later independence. Books from Europe easily reached the Philippines thru the Suez Canal ideas such as Liberty and Equality

Question 9

Coming of Masonry

• In 1856, Freemasonry was introduced in the Philippines, however, native Filipinos are not allowed to join.
• In 1889, Graciano Lopez-Jaena organized the Logia Revolution in Barcelona thru the support of Grande Oriente Espanol hence the root of true Philippine Masonry

Answer 9

• Most prominent members of Katipunan were members of the Masonry.
• During the revolution, the Spanish Friars believed that the root of all the problems was Masonry and Katipunan.
• Jesuit Francisco Foradada wrote in his book that the Filipino Filibusterism was not the son of righteousness; but of Masonry- the enemy of God.

Question 10

Propaganda Movement

• In February 17, 1872, the death of GOMBURZA
  The three martyred priests, Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Apolonio Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora execute by “Garrote” strangle by Spaniards in connection with the 1872 Cavite Mutiny

Answer 10

This event awakened strong feelings among Filipinos. Questioning Spanish authorities and demanded reforms. The Filipino Ilustrados aimed for reforms and so they created a systematic movement and peaceful means of battling the Spanish government called the PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

Question 11

La Liga and the Cuerpo de Compromisarios

• In 1892, Jose Rizal established the La Liga Filipina. However, he was arrested and soon departed to Dapitan.
• Katipunan was established on July 7, 1892 conceptualized by Andres Bonifacio

Answer 11

On April 3, 1893, Andres Bonifacio of Logia Taliba, Domingo Franco and Apolinario Mabini, both of Logia Balagtas, led the revival of Liga Filipina

Six months after the Liga’s revival two factions emerged: one for peaceful reforms and another advocated the overthrow of the colonial government. In 1893, Liga was dissolved.

Question 12

Mabini and other moderates formed the “Cuerpo de Compromisarios” they tried to continue sending funds to finance the Propaganda movement in Spain. But most of the members became increasingly disappointed over the apathy of the central government in Madrid.

Answer 12

Some Filipinos were convinced that separation from Spain was the only alternative - some members United with the radical movement - Katipunan of Bonifacio

Question 13

The Kartilya Katipunan has 14 points

Answer 13

1. A life that is not dedicated to a noble and divine cause is like a tree without a shade, if not, a poisonous weed.
2. A deed that is motivated by self-interest it self-pity and done without sincerity lacks nobility.

Question 14

3. True piety is the act of being charitable, loving one’s fellowmen, and being judicious in behavior, speech and deed.
4. All [people] are equal, regardless of the color of their skin; White one could have more education, wealth or beauty than the other, none of them can overpass one’s identity.

Answer 14

5. A person with a noble character values honor above self-interest, while a person with a base character values self-interest above honor.
6. To a [person] that respects, his/her word is a pledge.

Question 15

7. Do not waste your time; lost wealth can be retrieved, but time lost is lost forever.
8. Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor.

Answer 15

9. A wise man is someone who is careful in all he says; learn to keep the things that need to be a secret.
10. In the thorny path of life, the man leads the way and his wife an children follow, if the leader goes the way of evil, so do the followers.

Question 16

11. Never regard a woman as an object for you to trifle with; rather you should consider her as a partner and a friend in times of need; Give proper consideration to a woman’s frailty and never forget that your own mother, who brought you forth and nurtured you from infancy, is herself such a person
12. Don’t do to the wife, children and brothers and sisters of others what you do not want done to your wife, children and brothers and sisters.

Answer 16

13. A [person’s] worth is not measured by his/her station in life, neither by the height of his nose not the fairness of skin, and certainly not whether he is a priest claiming to be God’s deputy. Even if he is a tribesman/tribeswoman from the hills and speaks only his/her own tongue, a (person) is honorable if he/she possess a good character, is true to his/her word, has fine perceptions and is loyal to his/her native land.

Question 17

14. When these teachings shall have been propagated and the glorious sun of freedom begins to shine on these poor islands to enlighten a united race and people, then all the loves lost, all the struggle and sacrifices shall not have been in vain.

Answer 17

Contribution to the Grand Narrative of Philippine History

Question 18

• It serves as a guiding principle

* It enhances sense of nationalism

Answer 18

• It advocates an anti- enslavement

* It promotes spread of liberal ideas

Question 19

Relevance to contemporary times

Kartilya is a source of moral beacon for self transformation for the contemporary times. It can be used as a guide:

Answer 19

• To institutionalize good governance among our government officials
• To teach honor and dignity and curtail corruption among politicians
• To inculcate generosity and compassion among us
• To practice respect for women and love for our family