Kap 3 Turbomaskiner

Question 1

What is a turbomaskin?

Answer 1

Turbomaskiner är strömningsmaskiner där ett energiutbyte äger
rum mellan en fluid och ett skovelhjul. Exempel på sådana är
turbopumpar, fläktar, turbokompressorer och turbiner. Det enklaste
exemplet på turbomaskin är propellern.
Energiutbytet baserar sig på de dynamiska krafter, som uppstår
mellan de roterande skovlarna och den strömmande fluiden

Aturbomachine is basically a rotating
machine
• The rotating wheel is called a rotor /
runner / impeller
• The rotor will be immersed in a fluid
continuum
• The fluid medium can be gas / steam /
water / air
• Energy transfer takes place either
Turbine rotor
from rotor to fluid, or
from fluid to rotor

Question 2

What does a turbomachine do?

Answer 2

mechanical energy in the form
of shaft work, is transferred either to or from a continuously
flowing fluid by the dynamic action of rotating blade rows.
• The interaction between the fluid and the turbomachine blades
also results in fluid dynamic lift.
• Aturbomachine produces change in enthalpy of the fluid
passing through it.
01 5

Question 3

Power producing vs power absorbing turbomachines?

Answer 3

Rotor extracts work from fluid, impeller applies work to fluid

Question 4

Pump vs turbine?

Answer 4

Pump: adds energy to a
fluid, resulting in an
increase in pressure
across the pump.

Turbine: extracts energy
from the fluid, resulting in
a decrease in pressure
across the turbine.

Question 5

Difference between fans and compressors vs pumps

Answer 5

Fans and compressors work with air, pumps work with fluids

Question 6

What are components of a centrifugal compressor?

Answer 6

Impeller, Diffuser, Casing, Shaft

Question 7

What are the applications of a centrifugal compressor?

Answer 7

Gas turbine, turbocharger, process industry, gas compression, oxygen plants, instrument air

Question 8

What is a wind turbine and windmill?

Answer 8

A wind turbine is a machine for converting the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical energy. If the mechanical energy is used
directly by machinery, such as a
pump or grinding stones, the
machine is usually called a
windmill.
• If the mechanical energy is
converted to electricity, the machine
is called a wind turbine.
• Wind turbines are broadly classified
as horizontal axis or vertical axis.

Question 9

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 9

The first law states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed during
a process; it can only change forms.
The first law of thermodynamics (the conservation of energy principle)
provides a sound basis for studying the relationships among the various forms
of energy and energy interactions

Question 10

What is the energy balance?

Answer 10

The net change (increase or decrease) in the total energy of the system during a
process is equal to the difference between the total energy entering and the
total energy leaving the system during that process.