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Question 1

The glomeruli and renal tubules play an important part in which of the following bodily functions?

Answer 1

Filtering blood

Question 2

Which of the following is filtered in the glomerular capillaries?

Answer 2

Large amounts of water, some urea, and small molecules

Question 3

What cannot be filtered out of the glomerular capillaries?

Answer 3

Large molecules

Question 4

Dialysis closely mimics the function of which organs?

Answer 4

The kidneys

Question 5

Which of the following explains how the kidneys concentrate urea in the renal tubules?

Answer 5

By reabsorbing water from the renal tubules

Question 6

The following is the most important organ involved in the detoxification of your body

Answer 6

liver

Question 7

This stores the urine formed by the kidneys

Answer 7

the bladder

Question 8

the following filter blood and form urine

Answer 8

nephrons

Question 9

this is the structure that connects your kidneys to the bladder

Answer 9

ureter

Question 10

How is the urine moved from the bladder to the urethra?

Answer 10

through the concentration of muscles layers in the bladder

Question 11

When a male hits puberty, which of the following is responsible for telling the testes to release testosterone?

Answer 11

pituitary gland

Question 12

What does the pancreas regulate?

Answer 12

How much sugar is absorbed by cells.

Question 13

Name a symptom of a hyperactive thyroid

Answer 13

weight loss, difficulty sleeping

Question 14

symptoms of hypothyroidism

Answer 14

weight gain, feeling slow

Question 15

If chased by a lion, which of the following would release adrenaline?

Answer 15

Adrenal gland

Question 16

How does the basement membrane differ from the subcutis?

Answer 16

The basement membrane is a thin sheet of tissue separating the epidermis from the dermis, while the subcutis is the deepest layer of the skin

Question 17

The outer layer of the epidermis is made primarily of

Answer 17

dead skin cells

Question 18

What would you not find in the stratum basal?

Answer 18

corneocytes

Question 19

why are Merkel cells significant?

Answer 19

for the sensation of touch

Question 20

keratinocytes are cells that

Answer 20

take up and store melanin

Question 21

Which two hormones promote sperm cell production in males?

Answer 21

luteinizing and follicle-stimulation

Question 22

killer t cells and b cells are stimulated to act by a protein that ——- release

Answer 22

helper t cells

Question 23

what is usually the first line of defense in the human body when a pathogen invades?

Answer 23

mucous covering

Question 24

A characteristic of all muscles is that they recoil after stretching, or known to be

Answer 24

elastic

Question 25

when do vesicles contract and move to the presynaptic membrane?

Answer 25

After calcium ions flood the axon bulb

Question 26

what is the function of surfactant in the lungs?

Answer 26

reduced the tension of the fluids in the alveoli and prevents it from collapsing

Question 27

what attaches bone to bone?

Answer 27

ligament

Question 28

what attaches muscle to bone?

Answer 28

tendon

Question 29

what process begins with red blood cells giving up oxygen to other cells in the body?

Answer 29

internal respiration

Question 30

Which of the following is associated with wound healing by primary intention?

Answer 30

wounds edged are closely re approximated and there is minimal scar tissue

Question 31

Types of macrophages

Answer 31

Kupfer cells and dust cells

Question 32

which of the following recognizes body cells with abnormal membranes, such as tumor cells and destroy them

Answer 32

natural killer cells

Question 33

increase blood flow causes the following

Answer 33

heat, redness, swelling and vasodilation

Question 34

True when you have a fever

Answer 34

A fever is a sign that your defense system is active. Stimulates phagocytes, increases metabolism, and decreases certain organism's ability to multiply

Question 35

which enzyme is produced by the kidneys and activates angiotensin in order to increase blood pressure?

Answer 35

Renin

Question 36

which of the following parts of the nervous system is responsible for controlling respiration rate?

Answer 36

medulla oblongata

Question 37

which of the following is a structure that filters foreign particles from lymphatic fluid?

Answer 37

lymph nodes

Question 38

which of the following hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?

Answer 38

thyroxine (t4), triodothyronine (t3), and calcitonin

Question 39

sympathetic systems are responsible for stimulating sweat glands, dilating pupils, increasing heart rate

Answer 39

decreasing muscle contraction in the digestive system and decreasing kidney activity

Question 40

which of the following imitates the heartbeat?

Answer 40

SA node (the heart pacemaker)

Question 41

Hyperventilating will cause what lab findings?

Answer 41

alkalosis

Question 42

what is stroke volume referring to?

Answer 42

the volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each heartbeat

Question 43

the following hormones promote water reabsorption in the kidneys

Answer 43

aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone

Question 44

which of the following is the site for sperm maturation in a male?

Answer 44

epididymis

Question 45

when leaving the left ventricle which of the following structures does the blood enter next?

Answer 45

aorta

Question 46

which of the following is the correct order of the meningeal layers of the brain from the inside out?

Answer 46

pia matter, arachnoid, dura matter

Question 47

which of the following is the iron-containing component in an RBC

Answer 47

hemoglobin

Question 48

The following is a muscle in the shape of a ring that regulates the size of an opening

Answer 48

sphincter

Question 49

What best explains how muscles cells exert force?

Answer 49

The muscle cell shortens or contracts and exerts a pulling force on whatever is attached to both ends.

Question 50

What problems can occur from positive fluid balance?

Answer 50

weight gain, edema, shortness of breath, high blood pressure, congestive heart failure

Question 51

a negative fluid balance can cause what problems?

Answer 51

dehydration, reduce cognitive functioning, headache, fatigue, dry skin, low blood pressure, low blood pressure, hypovolemic shock, and organ failure

Question 52

How does the pituitary gland work to maintain your body's fluid?

Answer 52

It secrets an antidiuretic hormone if fluid is too low it releases this ADH or vasopressin, order to the kidneys to stop excreting urine

Question 53

how can a diuretic disrupt a person's fluid and electrolyte balance?

Answer 53

they make a person urinate more frequently causing the kidneys to excrete higher than normal sodium