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ProKanban > Kanban Guide Deck > Flashcards

Kanban Guide Deck Flashcards

https://kanbanguides.org/english/

1
Q

What is kanban?

A

strategy for optimizing the flow of value through a process that uses a visual, pull-based system

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2
Q

What is value in the flow of value?

A

consideration of the needs of the customer, the end-user, the organization, and the environment

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3
Q

Kanban comprises what three practices working in tandem?

A

Defining and visualizing a workflow

Actively managing items in a workflow

Improving a workflow

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4
Q

In their implementation, What are the three Kanban practices collectively called

A

Kanban system

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5
Q

What are those who participate in the value delivery of a Kanban system called?

A

Kanban system members

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6
Q

What is central to the definition of Kanban

A

concept of flow

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7
Q

What is flow?

A

Flow is the movement of potential value through a system

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8
Q

What is the strategy of Kanban?

A

optimize value by optimizing flow

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9
Q

What does value optimization mean?

A

striving to find the right balance of effectiveness, efficiency, and predictability in how work gets done

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10
Q

What is an effective flow?

A

one that delivers what customers want when they want it

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11
Q

What is an efficient workflow?

A

allocates available economic resources as optimally as possible to deliver value

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12
Q

What is a predictable workflow?

A

being able to accurately forecast value delivery within an acceptable degree of uncertainty

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13
Q

What is the strategy of Kanban?

A

get members to ask the right questions sooner as part of a continuous improvement effort in pursuit of these goals. Only by finding a sustainable balance among the three elements can value optimization be achieved.

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14
Q

On what flow theories does kanban draw?

A

systems thinking, lean principles, queuing theory (batch size and queue size), variability, and quality control

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15
Q

What is one way that organizations can attempt to optimize the delivery of value?

A

Continually improving a Kanban system over time based on the flow theories

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16
Q

What is the explicit shared understanding of flow among Kanban system members within their context

A

Definition of Workflow (DoW)

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17
Q

At minimum, what elements must members use to create their DoW?

A

-A definition of the individual units of value that are moving through the workflow. These units of value are referred to as work items (or items).
-A definition for when work items are started and finished within the workflow. Your workflow may have more than one started or finished points depending on the work item.
-One or more defined states that the work items flow through from started to finished. Any work items between a started point and a finished point are considered work in progress (WIP).
-A definition of how WIP will be controlled from started to finished.
-Explicit policies about how work items can flow through each state from started to finished.
-A service level expectation (SLE), which is a forecast of how long it should take a work item to flow from started to finished.

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18
Q

What are other DoW elements Kanban system members often require?

A

values, principles, and working agreements depending on the team’s circumstances

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19
Q

What is the visualization of the DoW called?

A

a Kanban board

20
Q

What is essential to processing knowledge that informs optimal workflow operation and facilitates continuous process improvement?

A

Making at least the minimum elements of DoW transparent on the Kanban board

21
Q

There are no specific guidelines for how a visualization should look as long as it encompasses what?

A

the shared understanding of how value gets delivered

22
Q

Active management of items in a workflow can take several forms, including but not limited to the following

A

-Controlling WIP
-Avoiding work items piling up in any part of the workflow.
-Ensuring work items do not age unnecessarily, using the SLE as a reference.
-Unblocking blocked work.

23
Q

There is no requirement to formalize the review or meet at a regular cadence so long as what is occurring?

A

active management takes place

24
Q

Kanban system members must explicitly control what in a workflow?

A

the number of work items in a workflow from start to finish

25
Q

What is control usually represented as on the board?

A

WIP limits

26
Q

What is a side effect of controlling WIP?

A

creates a pull system

27
Q

What do WIP limits include?

A

work items in a single column, several grouped columns/lanes/areas, or a whole board

28
Q

Why is it called a pull system?

A

because Kanban system members start work on an item (pulls or selects) only when there is a clear signal that there is capacity to do so

29
Q

What signal is created when WIP drops below the limit in the DoW?

A

signal to select new work

30
Q

From what should members refrain when pulling work?

A

pulling/selecting more than the number of work items into a given part of the workflow as defined by the WIP Limit. In rare cases, system members may agree to pull additional work items beyond the WIP Limit, but it should not be routine.

31
Q

What does controlling WIP improve?

A

Kanban system members’ collective focus, commitment, and collaboration. Any acceptable exceptions to controlling WIP should be made explicit as part of the DoW

32
Q

What is Service Level Expectation?

A

forecast of how long it should take a single work item to flow from started to finished.

33
Q

What are the 2 parts of Service Level Expectation (SLE)?

A

a period of elapsed time and a probability associated with that period (e.g., “85% of work items will be finished in eight days or less”)

34
Q

On what should the SLE be based?

A

historical cycle time

35
Q

Where should the SLE be visualized

A

on the Kanban board

36
Q

Having made the DoW explicit, what is the Kanban system members’ responsibility?

A

continuously improve their workflow to achieve a better balance of effectiveness, efficiency, and predictability.

37
Q

What kind of DoW alterations should Kanban system members make?

A

just-in-time alterations as the context dictates

38
Q

What does the application of Kanban require?

A

the collection and analysis of a minimum set of flow measures (or metrics)

39
Q

What do flow measures (or metrics) reflect?

A

the Kanban system’s current health and performance and will help inform decisions about how value gets delivered

40
Q

What are four mandatory flow measures to track?

A

WIP
Throughput
Work Item Age
Cycle Time

41
Q

What is WIP

A

The number of work items started but not finished.

42
Q

What is Throughput

A

The number of work items finished per unit of time. Note the measurement of throughput is the exact count of work items

43
Q

What is Work Item Age?

A

The amount of elapsed time between when a work item started and the current time.

44
Q

What is Cycle Time?

A

The amount of elapsed time between when a work item started and when a work item finished

45
Q

What makes metrics meaningful?

A

informing one or more of the three Kanban practices

46
Q

What is recommended to visual metrics?

A

Charts that enable a shared understanding of the Kanban system’s current health and performance

ProKanban (2 decks)

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