KAHOOTS Flashcards

1
Q

which of the following gases is most abundant in the atmosphere?
argon, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide

A

argon

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2
Q

which greenhouse gas has seen the largest relative increase since 1850

A

methane

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3
Q

how do carbon dioxide concentrations today compare to 500,000 years ago

A

higher today

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4
Q

on average, how have cold extremes changed globally since 1850

A

they have decreased

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5
Q

with a warming climate, what has happened to relative humidity?

A

decreased
or
hasn’t changed/ we dont know

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6
Q

when the IPCC report says something is likely, what does it mean?

A

more than 66% likely

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7
Q

increases in aerosol emissions leads to what

A

cooling

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8
Q

which type of measurement have we had for the longest?
- temp
- CO2
- satellite

A

temp

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9
Q

what measurements would we use to show carbon dioxide measurements going back to 1850?

A

direct and ice cores

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10
Q

how far back in time do ice cores go back?

A

1 million years

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11
Q

which of these processes causes the largest variations in temperature
- solar variability
- volcanoes
- internal variability

A

internal variability

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12
Q

according to climate models, how much would temperature have increased from 1880 without anthropogenic forcings?

A

0 deg C

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13
Q

which of these variables are we LEAST certain has changed in the past due to human impacts?
- CO2
- Temp
- Precipitation
- Northern hemisphere ice

A

precipitation

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14
Q

at the surface of the earth, what is the largest energy source?

A

solar

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15
Q

which of the following reflects the most solar radiation?
land surface, clouds, atmosphere or aerosols

A

clouds

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16
Q

without an atmosphere what temp would earth be

17
Q

a black body emits at 40 deg C how much more energy than one at 20 deg C

18
Q

the infrared atmospheric window is found at approximately what wavelengths

19
Q

the GHG that blocks the biggest range of wavelength is what?

A

water vapour

20
Q

if clouds increase as a result of a warmer world, is that forcing or a feedback

21
Q

if anthropogenic aerosol alters the properties of a cloud, is that forcing or feedback?

22
Q

if oceans warm as a result of increased forcing and dissolve less CO2, is that forcing or feedback?

23
Q

is geoengineering forcing or feedback?

24
Q

methane from melting permafrost as a result of warming, is that forcing or feedback?

25
methane from leaking pipes, is that forcing or feedback?
feedback
26
nitrous oxide from agriculture, is that forcing or feedback?
forcing
27
which greenhouse gas in the atmosphere has the biggest effect om radiative forcing?
water vapour
28
how many milankovitch cycles are there
3
29
which is the shortest milankovitch cycle
precession
30
what is the optimum for milankovitch cycle to induce an ice age
precession, eccentricity and obliquity all together
31
what are the short term effect of volcanic eruption on climate
0.3 deg C cooling
32
what is the warm phase of ENSO
El- Nino
33
what temperature change of the planet is caused by ENSO
0.2 deg C warming or cooling
34
what is the largest effect of the solar sunspot cycle
changes in atmospheric circulation