KAHOOTS Flashcards
which of the following gases is most abundant in the atmosphere?
argon, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide
argon
which greenhouse gas has seen the largest relative increase since 1850
methane
how do carbon dioxide concentrations today compare to 500,000 years ago
higher today
on average, how have cold extremes changed globally since 1850
they have decreased
with a warming climate, what has happened to relative humidity?
decreased
or
hasn’t changed/ we dont know
when the IPCC report says something is likely, what does it mean?
more than 66% likely
increases in aerosol emissions leads to what
cooling
which type of measurement have we had for the longest?
- temp
- CO2
- satellite
temp
what measurements would we use to show carbon dioxide measurements going back to 1850?
direct and ice cores
how far back in time do ice cores go back?
1 million years
which of these processes causes the largest variations in temperature
- solar variability
- volcanoes
- internal variability
internal variability
according to climate models, how much would temperature have increased from 1880 without anthropogenic forcings?
0 deg C
which of these variables are we LEAST certain has changed in the past due to human impacts?
- CO2
- Temp
- Precipitation
- Northern hemisphere ice
precipitation
at the surface of the earth, what is the largest energy source?
solar
which of the following reflects the most solar radiation?
land surface, clouds, atmosphere or aerosols
clouds
without an atmosphere what temp would earth be
255K
a black body emits at 40 deg C how much more energy than one at 20 deg C
30% more
the infrared atmospheric window is found at approximately what wavelengths
10^-5m
the GHG that blocks the biggest range of wavelength is what?
water vapour
if clouds increase as a result of a warmer world, is that forcing or a feedback
feedback
if anthropogenic aerosol alters the properties of a cloud, is that forcing or feedback?
forcing
if oceans warm as a result of increased forcing and dissolve less CO2, is that forcing or feedback?
feedback
is geoengineering forcing or feedback?
forcing
methane from melting permafrost as a result of warming, is that forcing or feedback?
feedback
methane from leaking pipes, is that forcing or feedback?
feedback
nitrous oxide from agriculture, is that forcing or feedback?
forcing
which greenhouse gas in the atmosphere has the biggest effect om radiative forcing?
water vapour
how many milankovitch cycles are there
3
which is the shortest milankovitch cycle
precession
what is the optimum for milankovitch cycle to induce an ice age
precession, eccentricity and obliquity all together
what are the short term effect of volcanic eruption on climate
0.3 deg C cooling
what is the warm phase of ENSO
El- Nino
what temperature change of the planet is caused by ENSO
0.2 deg C warming or cooling
what is the largest effect of the solar sunspot cycle
changes in atmospheric circulation
