KABC-II Flashcards

1
Q

What is the KABC-II?

A

Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Second
Edition (KABC-II)
* Cognitive assessment tool designed to understand
a child’s overall intelligence and individual
processing skills
* Developed by Alan and Nadeen Kaufman
* Original edition of the KABC was published in 1983
* Second edition published in 2004
* Normative update (NU) for KABC-II in 2018

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1
Q

Goals of the KABC-II

A

Measures multiple constructs of intelligence
* Facilitate effective neuropsychological assessment of a child’s skills and abilities
* Provide a fair, effective, and flexible assessment
* Diverse and large normative sample
* Wide age range (3-18 years)
* Allows for use with preschoolers

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2
Q

Advantages of the KABC-II

A

Reduces ethnic score
differences
* KABC led the field in
this area
* Test designed to reduce
score differences
* Diverse normative
sample

Captures the child’s
interest
* Game-like tasks that
engage the child
* Accessible to all
children

Blends science and
clinical expertise
* Based on theory, unlike
other cognitive
assessments
* Provides rich
assessment of
processing areas
* Collects important
qualitative information

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3
Q

Normative Sample

A

Includes 3,025 individuals in the total normative sample
* Specific learning disability
* Speech/language impairment
* Intellectual disability
* Emotional/behavioral disturbance
* ADHD
* Gifted/talented
* Geographic location
* Gender
* Race/ethnicity
* Parental education
Representation of diverse populations, including but not limited to:

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4
Q

Small Ethnic Score
Differences

A

Ages 3-6: Mean KABC-II Global Scores by Ethnic
Group
(Adjusted for Gender & SES) (rounded)

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5
Q

Subtests that Captures child interest

A

Several
gamified
tasks are
included in
the KABC-II
Rover is a novel
Simultaneous/Gv
task
Includes
mazes and
a toy dog
“Rover wants his
bone. Watch how
he can move one
space at a time”

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6
Q

What theoretical models does the KABC-II utilize, and why?

A

The KABC-II utilizes a dual theoretical model, blending science and clinical expertise to acquire accurate results. This approach allows for flexible administration and interpretation.

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7
Q

What are the key components of the Luria Model as utilized in the KABC-II?

A

Sequential Processing, Simultaneous Processing, Planning Ability, Learning Ability, and the Mental Processing Index (MPI).

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the Mental Processing Index (MPI) in the context of the KABC-II?

A

The MPI measures an individual’s overall cognitive processing efficiency and ability, integrating aspects of Sequential and Simultaneous Processing, as well as Planning and Learning Abilities.

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9
Q

Which model underpins the Fluid-Crystallized Index (FCI) in the KABC-II?

A

The CHC (Cattell-Horn-Carroll) Model underpins the Fluid-Crystallized Index (FCI) in the KABC-II.

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10
Q

What cognitive abilities are assessed by the CHC Model within the KABC-II?

A

Short-term Memory (Gsm), Visual Processing (Gv), Fluid Reasoning (Gf), Long-term Retrieval (Glr), and Crystallized Ability (Gc).

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11
Q

How does the KABC-II’s approach to assessment reflect its dual theoretical foundation?

A

The KABC-II’s approach to assessment reflects its dual theoretical foundation by incorporating a blend of Luria’s neuropsychological processes and the broad cognitive abilities outlined in the CHC Model, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of cognitive functions

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12
Q

What distinguishes Sequential Processing from Simultaneous Processing in the Luria Model as applied in the KABC-II?

A

Sequential Processing involves the ability to process information in a step-by-step manner, while Simultaneous Processing involves the ability to integrate and synthesize information all at once.

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13
Q

How does the KABC-II measure Planning Ability, and why is it important?

A

Planning Ability is assessed through tasks that require the individual to formulate, organize, and carry out a plan of action. It is important because it reflects executive functioning skills crucial for daily life and problem-solving.

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14
Q

Describe the role of Learning Ability in the KABC-II.

A

Learning Ability in the KABC-II is assessed to understand how an individual acquires and retains new information, which is vital for adapting to new situations and educational environments.

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15
Q

What is the significance of Fluid Reasoning (Gf) in cognitive assessment?

A

Fluid Reasoning (Gf) is significant in cognitive assessment because it involves the ability to solve novel problems, reason abstractly, and understand complex relationships without relying on previously acquired knowledge.

16
Q

Areas that are NOT
measured on the
KABC-II

A

Processing Speed (Gs)* The ability to perform automatic cognitive tasks
Auditory Processing
(Ga)
*
The ability to analyze, synthesize, and
discriminate auditory stimuli such as speech
sounds
Quantitative Knowledge
(Gq)*
The ability to comprehend quantitative concepts
and relationships to manipulate numeric symbols
Reading and Writing
Ability (Grw)
*
Basic reading and writing skills

17
Q

Luria Model

A

Model is based on clinical
observations and empirical studies
of individuals with brain damage
* Postulated that the brain operates
in three interconnected, functional
systems:
* Block One – Maintains arousal
* Block Two – Codes and stores
information
* Block Three – Plans and
organizes behavior

18
Q

Luria Model:Block One

A

Maintaine arousal by:
Mediaing attention and concentration
Alloqing for spefic focus of attention
Regulating energy level and tone of cerevral cortex
Coreconiing the significance of imconung stimuli
oricessing informatuon from the environment

19
Q

Luria Model: Block Two

A

Block Two
* Codes and stores information by:
* Integrating incoming
sensory information to
better understand the world
and experiences
* Analyzing, coding, and
storing incoming
information using the key
senses
* Using successive and
simultaneous processing
* Establishing connections
with block three

20
Q

Luria Model : Block Three

A

Plans and organizes
behavior by:
* Regulating responses to
stimuli
* Making decisions,
generating hypotheses,
planning, and self-
monitoring
* Mediating complex
behaviors
* Communicating with
other “blocks”

21
Q

What are the CHC Borad Abilities Measured In the KABC-II

A

Long-Term Storage and
Retrieval (Glr)
The ability to story information and fluently
retrieve it later
Short-Term Memory
(Gsm)
The ability to apprehend and hold information in
immediate awareness for several seconds
Visual Processing (Gv) The ability to perceive, analyze, synthesize, and
think with visual patterns and representations
Fluid Reasoning (Gf) The ability to reason, form concepts, and solve
unfamiliar or novel problems
Crystallized Ability (Gc) The breadth and depth of one’s acquired
knowledge and the ability to communicate such
knowledge

22
Q

Glr

A

Long term Storage and Retrieva. Includes:
Associative
Memory

Learning
Abilities

Free recall Memory

23
Q

Gsm

A

Memory
Span

Working
Memory

24
Q

Gv

A

Visual Processing:
Visual
Memory

Spatial
Relations

Visualization

25
Q

Gf:

A

Fluid Reasoning:
Induction

General Sequential Reasoning

Quantitative reasoning

26
Q

Gc

A

Crystallized Ability:
Lexical
Knowledge

General
Information

Language
Development

27
Q

When should an examiner consider using the Mental Processing Index (MPI) instead of the Fluid Crystallized Index (FCI) during a KABC-II assessment?

A

An examiner should consider using the MPI if the validity of the global cognitive functioning assessment might be enhanced by focusing on processing skills without the influence of Crystallized Knowledge (Gc), especially in situations where the referral questions suggest that specific cognitive processing abilities are of primary interest or concern.

28
Q

What is the primary difference between the Mental Processing Index (MPI) and the Fluid Crystallized Index (FCI) on the KABC-II, and why might an examiner choose one over the other?

A

The primary difference between the MPI and the FCI on the KABC-II is that the FCI includes the Crystallized Knowledge (Gc) Index, while the MPI does not. An examiner might choose the CHC model (FCI) over Luria’s model (MPI) because Crystallized Knowledge (Gc) is included in the FCI, which is considered to be an important aspect of cognitive functioning.

29
Q

The CHC Model is
recommended when
evaluating children with:

A

Known or suspected learning disabilities
* Intellectual disabilities
* Behavioral disorders
* Attention disorders
* Can also be used to determine gifted/talented program eligibility
* Abilities that are not sufficiently complex: Auditory Processing (Ga)
and Processing Speed (Gs)
* Abilities measured on academic achievement tests: Reading and
Writing (Grw) and Quantitative Knowledge (Gq)

30
Q

The Luria Model is recommended when evaluating children with:

A

Bilingual background
* Non-mainstream cultural background that may have affected
knowledge acquisition and verbal development
* Known or suspected speech/language disorder
* Known or suspected Autism

31
Q

KABC-II Nonverbal Index (NVI)

A

Third option if the MPI or FCI
are not appropriate for the
child

Developed to enhance the
“fairness” of the assessment for
children with:
* Hearing loss (deaf or hard-of-hearing)
* Very limited English proficiency
* Moderate-severe speech impairments
or language disorders

32
Q

Model Selection Tips

A

Models are selected with
fairness in mind
Ensure that you can defend
your reasoning for selecting
a specific model

  • “I picked the MPI because it has less
    subtests to give” = Not a legally or
    ethically defensible rationale!

-“I picked the MPI because the student I’m assessing
is also being tested for a mild speech/language
disorder and our team suspects that his language
development is much more limited that those of his
same-age peers” = Both a legally and ethically
defensible rationale that shows you are ensuring the
child receive a fair and appropriate assessment!

33
Q

Administration Time

A

MPI (Luria)
Aage 3-4+ 30 minutes
Age 5 40 minutes
Age 6 50 minutes
Age 7-18 55 minutes

FCI (CHC)
3-4 = 40 minutes
5= 50 minutes
6 =60 minutes
7-18 = 70 minutes

34
Q

student AGE and Model selected.

A

FCI (CHC Model) requires 7-10 tests
* MPI (Luria Model) requires 5-8 tests
* NVI (Nonverbal Index) requires 4-5 tests

35
Q

KABC-II: SUPPLEMENTAL SUBTESTS

A

Administered after core
subtests
Used to explore
hypotheses (added
measure of core scales)
Used for planned
comparisons
Used in circumstances
as a substitute if a core
subtest is spoiled
There is no prescribed
sequence of
supplemental tests with
the exception of
delayed subtests

36
Q

KABC-II: SAMPLE & TEACHING ITEMS

A

SAMPLE ITEMS are
indicated by an apple icon
and are also highlighted in
GREEN.
SAMPLE ITEMS DO NOT
COUNT IN THE RAW SCORE!
TEACHING ITEMS
Indicated by apple icon.
TEACHING ITEMS DO COUNT
IN THE RAW SCORE!

37
Q

KABC-II: QUALITATIVE
INDICATORS (QI)

A

Optional list of QIs is provided for
each test to guide observations of
child’s behavior during testing
* Disruptive QI’s (-)
* Enhancing QI’s (+)
* After assessment, QI’s may be
summarized on Page 2 of the protocol
(Record Form)