KA 1: Cell Structure Flashcards
What is an organelle?
The name given to a membrane bound structure with a specific function in animal, plant and fungal cells
Define the term ultrastructure
The name given to the fine structure and detail of a cell and its organelles
What is the function of a nucleus?
Controls all the cell’s activities
What molecule can be found in the nucleus?
DNA
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
The part of the cell where cellular reactions take place
What is the function of a ribosome?
The cell organelle where proteins are made (i.e., the site of protein synthesis)
What is the function of the mitochondria?
The cell organelle where aerobic respiration takes place
What is the function of a cell membrane?
Controls which molecules can enter or leave a cell
What is the function of a vacuole?
Found in plant cells, stores water and plays an important role in maintaining turgor within the cell
What is the function of a cell wall?
Supports and strengthens the cell, giving it a definite shape
What is cellulose?
A structural carbohydrate which plant cell walls are made from
In which cells can cell walls be found?
Found in plant, fungal and bacterial cells
What are the cell walls of bacterial and fungal cells made of?
Different materials from a plant cell wall (ie NOT cellulose)
What is the function of a chloroplast?
The cell organelle where photosynthesis takes place
What is the function of a plasmid?
Small circular structures found in bacterial cells that contain additional genetic information, and are used in genetic engineering
Compared to an animal cell, which organelles does a bacterial cell lack?
Nucleus and mitochondria
