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Micro Chapter 4: Prokaryotic Cells > K. Internal Structures Within The Cytoplasm > Flashcards

K. Internal Structures Within The Cytoplasm Flashcards

0
Q

Where is the DNA located

A

In the 1 main chromosome

Essential genes

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1
Q

Genetic molecules

A

DNA + RNA

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2
Q

Plasmids

A

Non essential genetics

Found in multiple copies

Carry genes that will offer the bacteria pathogenic (can cause disease) properties

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3
Q

Ribosomes

A

Contain the RNA

Size 70S

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4
Q

Cell inclusions or granules

A

Areas for storage molecules

Energy storage or reservoir

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5
Q

PHB granule

A

Energy rich, high in calories

Only found in spore formers

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6
Q

Glycogen granules

A

Store glycogen

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7
Q

Polyphosphate granules

A

Increase of PO4^-2 groups (inorganic); used to make ATP

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8
Q

Poly phosphate granules:

Metachromatic granules

A

Change color when react to Methalyne Blue

Turn red or purple

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9
Q

Two genera that have metachromatic granules

A

Mycobacterium + corynebacterium

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10
Q

Endospores

A

Dormant; heat resistant; radiation resistant

“The lifeboat for DNA” contain a copy of cells DNA

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11
Q

Three genera of spore formers

A

Bacillus

Clostridium

Sporosarcina

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12
Q

Bacillus spores

A

Anthrax

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13
Q

Clostridium spores

A

Tetanus, botulism, gas gangrene

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14
Q

General stages for endospore formation in order

A

Vegetative cell

Sporangium

Endospore

Free spore

Germination

And repeat

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15
Q

Sporogenesis

A

Formation of a spore

16
Q

What are some harsh conditions that cause sporogenesis

A 
Toxins
Too dry
Too salty
Radiation
Running out of food
Found in the incorrect oxygen concentration
17
Q

Vegetative cell

A

Normal metabolizing cell

18
Q

Sporangium

A

Spore forming cell

19
Q

Endospore contains what three things before ejecting?

A

DNA, PHB, enzyme

20
Q

Sporulates

A

Ejects free spore

21
Q

Life germination

A

Endospore becomes a young vegetative cell

22
Q

Structure of a endospore

A

Multilayered that surround a core

23
Q

Endospores can be dormant for?

A

Up to 2000 years

Micro Chapter 4: Prokaryotic Cells (10 decks)

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