Juvenile Law

Question 1

Status Offense

Answer 1

A crime by a minor that is due to age (Ex: past curfew, illegal consumption of tobacco, etc )

Question 2

A Delinquent Minor

Answer 2

17 year old or under that has committed a felony

Question 3

An emancipated minor

Answer 3

A minor of 16 who is legally free of being a dependent

Question 4

Adult

Answer 4

A delinquent 21 years or older

Question 5

Neglected Minor

Answer 5

Under 18, not receiving proper / necessary support, education or medical

Question 6

Abused minor

Answer 6

Physical injury or sexual activity

Question 7

Dependent minor

Answer 7

Court has power over the minor and the state pays for them

Question 8

Detention

Answer 8

Temporary care of a minor (custody) for a criminal reason

Question 9

Juvenile Officer

Answer 9

3 things they need:

1. Be a sworn police officer
2. Educated in the juvenile class
3. Sworn in by a chief of police

Question 10

Temporary Shelter

Answer 10

Not for criminal, but a neglected minor

Question 11

Limited Custody

Answer 11

Up to 6 hours, a police officer can take without a warrant

Question 12

How long in Jail, for a minor

Answer 12

• -No minor under 12 may be detained in a jail for more than 6 hours
• • Older than 12 and a minor: can be held for up to 12 hours in jail
• • Any minor charged with a violent crime: up to 24 hours in jail

Question 13

Station Adjustment

Answer 13

This is where a probation officer gives a free pass, but they must do something else (ex: community service)

Question 14

Formal Adjustment

Answer 14

allowed to have 3 misdemeanors, 2 felonies for a total of 4 only
–must offer an admission of guilt
– Juvenile police office must have probable cause
– the adult of the minor must have a written contract of agreement
(total of both formal and informal station adjustments cannot be more than 9)

Question 15

Informal Adjustment

Answer 15

allowed to have 3 misdemeanors, 3 felonies for a total of 5 only
(total of both formal and informal station adjustments cannot be more than 9)

Question 16

Exclusive Jurisdiction

Answer 16

Under 16 and charged: Juvenile
17, misdemeanor: Juvenile
17, felony: Adult
18+: Adult

Question 17

Concurrent Jurisdiction

Answer 17

Traffic, boating, fishing, DUIs

Question 18

Excluded Jurisdiction

Answer 18

At least 15 and

• 1st degree murder
• Aggravated criminal sexual assault
• Aggravated battery with a firearm

At least 13 and

• 1st degree murder
• Criminal sexual assault

Question 19

Rules of Juvenile Law

Answer 19

1. Office cannot release the name or address of a minor arrested to the victim (to avoid retaliation)
2. Time of detention begins once the minor is in a cell or handcuffed to a stationary object.
3. If requested to search a student’s locker, refer to the school resource officer / juvenile officer or command officer