Juvenile Justice/Key Cases

Question 0

Arrest

Answer 0

Taken into Custody

Question 1

Jail

Answer 1

Juvenile Detention Center

Question 2

Prison

Answer 2

Reformatory

Question 3

Guilty

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Not Guilty

Answer 4

Not True

Question 5

Trial

Answer 5

Adjudication Hearing

Question 6

Sentence

Answer 6

Disposition Hearing

Question 7

Criminal

Answer 7

Juvenile Delinquent

Question 8

Booked

Answer 8

Process

Question 9

Warrant

Answer 9

Custody Order

Question 10

Breed vs. Jones

Answer 10

This case severely restricts the conditions under which transfers from juvenile to adult court may occur. Such transfers must occur prior to an adjudicatory hearing in juvenile court.

Question 11

Illinois vs. Montanez

Answer 11

In this case the Supreme Court let stand a state court ruling that threw out a voluntary confession made by a juvenile suspect who had been tried as an adult.

Question 12

In re Gault

Answer 12

The court decided that juveniles have a right to notice of charges, a right to counsel, and a right to confront and to cross-examine witnesses and must be provided protect against self-incrimination.

Question 13

In re Winship

Answer 13

Allegations of delinquency must be established beyond a reasonable doubt. Status offenses, however, can be established with the preponderance of the evidence standard.

Question 14

Kent vs. U.S.

Answer 14

This case ended the hands-off era in juvenile justice and recognized that at least minimal due process must be provided in juvenile court hearings.

Question 15

McKeiver vs. Pennsylvania

Answer 15

This case held that juveniles do not have the constitutional right to a jury trial.

Question 16

Schall vs. Martin

Answer 16

This case upheld the practice of preventive detention but stated that it cannot be imposed without prior notice, an equitable detention hearing, and a statement by the judge setting the reasons for the detention.

Question 17

Abused Child

Answer 17

A child who has been physically, mentally, or sexually abused. Most states also consider a child who is forced into delinquent activity by a parent or guardian to be abused.

Question 18

Dependent Child

Answer 18

A child who had no parents or whose parents are unable to care for him or her.