Juvenile Justice Exam 3

Question 1

ADOLESCENT REWARDS

Answer 1

offer sense of belonging, chance to rebel against authority, an identity, separate code of rules and behavior

Question 2

FOSTER CARE

Answer 2

placing child in temp care of a family other than own from problems in birth family

Question 3

Battered child

Answer 3

the collection of injuries sustained by a child as a result of repeated mistreatment or beating

Question 4

intra-family conflict

Answer 4

an environment of conflict in a family

Question 5

behavioral

Answer 5

behavior learned through observation

Question 6

biochemical

Answer 6

Body chemistry governs our behavior and personality, levels of aggression and depression

Question 7

parental efficacy

Answer 7

fams in which parents can integrate their children into households units which also helps assert individuality and regulate their own behavior

Question 8

blended

Answer 8

typically less stable nuclear fams that are product of divorce or remarriage

Question 9

PSYCHODYNAMIC

Answer 9

branch of psych that holds human personality is controlled by “unconscious” mental processes developed in childhood

Question 10

broken homes

Answer 10

one or both parents are absent due to divorce or separation

Question 11

child abuse

Answer 11

physical, emotional, sexual trauma to child

Question 12

runaways

Answer 12

status offense when youth run away from home typically to escape a dysfunctional home

Question 13

child neglect

Answer 13

passive neglect by parent or guardian, depriving of food, shelter, care, love

Question 14

school

Answer 14

primary instrument of socialization

Question 15

CHIVALRY HYPOTHESIS

Answer 15

female criminals receive more lenient treatment in the criminal justice system and in news coverage of their crimes than their male counterparts.

Question 16

SELF-FULFILLING PROPHESY

Answer 16

are characterized as certain labels, will live up to that label

Question 17

co-offending

Answer 17

committing criminal acts in groups

Question 18

truancy

Answer 18

being out of school w/o permission

Question 19

coercion

Answer 19

didn’t choose it, forced into it (gangs)

Question 20

social labeling

Answer 20

label and characterization of “criminal” results in increased commitment to criminal career

Question 21

contagion effect

Answer 21

negative, crime promoting influence of deviant siblings on their siblings

Question 22

social learning

Answer 22

behavior is learned and observed

Question 23

delinquency

Answer 23

tendency to for a juvenile to commit crime

Question 24

socialization

Answer 24

process by which behavior is learned through interaction (w/ fam, peers, school, jjs)

Question 25

deterrence

Answer 25

crime is a function of severity, certainty, and speed of punishment

Question 26

student alienation

Answer 26

Inconsistent application of school rules, lack of attachment to teachers, questions values of school

Question 27

dropouts

Answer 27

leaving school before completing required program of edu

Question 28

rational choice

Answer 28

youth weigh pros and cons in final decision to commit crime, depends on personal situation, conscience, risk of being caught

Question 29

tracking

Answer 29

dividing students into groups according to ability and achievement level

Question 30

gangs

Answer 30

groups of youth who collectively engage in delinquent behaviors

Question 31

underachievers

Answer 31

those who do not achieve success in school at expected levels