Justice System: Rules & Laws Flashcards
Where do we encounter laws and regulations?
Everywhere!
- From the moment we are born we have to follow laws and regulations
What does it mean for the government to act like a “super parent”
The government acts like a super parent by being concerned with everyone well being
What do the government - and other authority figures in the different areas of your life based off of?
They make decisions based on the common good
Why do people believe rules and laws exist?
Some people say that reason is to control the citizens
Some say that it is to punish citizens for not behaving according to society’s expectations
And others say it protects citizens
In the end, this is all based on opinion
What are rules and laws are affected by?
Rules and laws are effected by values and beliefs
True or False
A value you can change without a belief changing
True.
Give 2 examples on how a value can change without a belief changing
As a societies value changes, their ____ change
a) rules
b) laws
c) beliefs
Laws
How can we check when a societies values and believes change?
we check when a societies values and believes change based on when their laws change
Give an example on how a societies values changed using education in Manitoba
When education just started in Manitoba in 1871. students did not legally have to attend school.
As of 2010, kids from the age of 7 to 18 (or graduation), you are legally required to attend school
What are the differences between rules and laws
laws are legally enforceable by the government. Rules are not.
What is a policy?
A policy is a practice or action
In terms of government or political parties, it can also be something they want to accomplish
Just like everything else a true democratic government does, policies are made for the ?
common good
What are policies designed to do?
- Do whats best for most people
- Protect the weakest is society
- Provide fairness and equity
- Create a cleaner, healthier community
True or False
Policies do not become law until the ruling government makes it one
True
Often, policies are seen as boring things citizens generally don’t want to know about. Why is it important that we stay informed about as many policies as possible?
If we only focus on the interesting, exciting policies then other potentially dangerous and discriminatory policies can slip by un noticed
Government policies fall into six basic areas:
Social (Heath, education)
Financial (Taxes, money supply)
International (Defense, trade, foreign relations)
Public Works (Transportation, construction)
Resources
Legal (Justice)
Policies have consequence good and bad; long-term and short-term.
Majority of policies are made with good intentions, but can have unexpected consequences. What is an example of this?
Prohibition - When alcohol was illegal
What is one of the signs of a good political leader?
One sign of a good political leader is the ability to acknowledge that something didnt work out and try to make it better
(THIS ALMOST NEVER HAPPENS)
What are the several influences to take into consideration when making new policies? List is the order of your notes.
1) Political Party Membership
2) Civil Service Advice
3) Judicial Opinion
4) Economic Realities
5) Intergovernmental Concerns
6) International Pressure
7) Interest Groups
How does Policy become law ? Give all the steps in order.
1) From Idea to Bill
2) Frist Reading
3) Second Reading
4) Committee Stage
5) Third Reading
7) The Senate (Federal level only)
8) Royal Assent
9) In force
What are the differences in passing laws at different government levels?
1: There is no senate at the provincial or municipal levels
2: There is no royal assent at the municipal level
All three levels of government make laws. The differences is the AREA where that law is applied. Give the three forms of government and what laws they apply.
Municipal Laws: only apply in THAT city town/ rural area
Provincial/ Territorial: only apply to that province/ territory
Federal Laws: apply all over the country
SOMETHING TO KEEP IN MIND:
If there is a law PREVENTING you from doing something specific someone probably tried to do it
A law made by a municipality is called a ?
bylaws
What are bylaws made based on?
Bylaws are made based on the needs of the community
- Many bylaws are passed to protect the safety, security, and comfort of the different people moving around the community.
Bylaws affect you daily life.
There are bylaws about:
- How much noise you can make after a certain hour
- Where you can park your car
- How land can be used
- Where you can have your dog off leash and how you have to clean up after it
- What kinds of pets you can own
What can happen to bylaws as the get old?
They can become irrelevant.
- In this situation, authorities simply stop enforcing the law because its easier than trying to change it
Provinces/ Territories make the laws and regulations regarding the province/ territory. They affect your daily life too. Every time you buy something, you are following a Manitoba law and regulation by paying PST
What are examples of provincial laws and regulations?
- When you drive a car
- When you drink alcohol
- How old you have to be to take tobacco + marijuana
- Highway speed limit
Federal laws and regulations can be less noticeable and don’t necessarily affect your daily life, but are still there
What are some examples of federal laws and regulations?
- You need a passport if you want to enter Canada
- You need a permanent resident card if you want to move here
- You’re not allowed to murder people
- You need to pay GST whenever you buy something
- Anything with the criminal justice system
Who makes most of the criminal laws in Canada?
The Federal Government
True or False
The provinces/ territories will make SOME criminal laws but not many
Ture
True or False
Municipalities DO make criminal
False
They DO NOT make any criminal laws at all
True or false
All levels of police can enforce all levels of law
True
What is the difference between all the different polices forces ?
The differences between the police forces is the area they work in and who pays for it
What is Criminal Law?
Criminal Law is use when someone breaks the law and that action not only threatens individuals, but the larger society as well. These actions tend to intentionally cause harm.
What are examples of criminal laws?
Theft, Robbery, Drug Trafficking, Kidnaping, Murder ect.
What is Civil law?
Civil Law is when the action ONLY affects the individuals involve, NOT the larger society.
The actions can intentionally cause harm, or not
What are some examples of civil laws?
Landlord/ tenant disputes, divorce proceedings, child custody, property disputes, personal injury ect.
What are the two goals of Canada’s Judicial System?
1) To ensure that society operates in a peaceful and orderly manner
2) To balance the need for social order with respect for the individual rights of the citizen
