Just basic ict

Question 1

cache

Answer 1

Highspeed semiconductor memory
holds the data and programs accessed most frequently
acts as a buffer between CPU and main memory

level 1- in the CPU. less storage fast

level 2- inside and out
level 3- out

Question 2

Main memory

Answer 2

holds instructions which the computer currently is working on
volatile
limited capacity

Question 3

Secondary memory

Answer 3

external, non volatile memory
slower than main’
has more capacity
not accessed directly by CPU but through I/O

Question 4

GPU

Answer 4

designed to rapidly manipulate memory to access image creation

Question 5

proprietary

Answer 5

developed and owned by the owners or a company. no source code

Question 6

open source

Answer 6

owned by developers who have source codes distributed

Question 7

bespoke

Answer 7

customized softwares

Question 8

generic

Answer 8

ready made softwares

Question 9

Visual display two types

Answer 9

Cathode ray tube
flat panel display- 
LED- thinner
         less power
         high contrast ratio
LCD- liquid crystal

Question 10

The microprocessor

Answer 10

The CPU of the computer

a semiconductor chip that performs fetch, decode and execute cycle

Question 11

RAM

Answer 11

Holds instructions to process data
can access any memory cell randomly
volatile- needs power
DRAM and SRAM
Capacity in GIGABYTES
speed in MEGAHERTZ

Question 12

ransomware

Answer 12

threatening to publish victims personal data and blocking access till paid

Question 13

spyware

Answer 13

entering a computer and gathering sensitive information in order to forward it to a third party

Question 14

firmware

Answer 14

non volatile embed system which is mostly permanently attached to the computer. Instructions of it tells electronic devices how to operate.

eg: ROM, BIOS

embedded systems- traffic lights, digital watches

Question 15

Analog computers

Answer 15

handles continuous values- hydraulic, electrical, mechanical
not discrete
continuous nature

Question 16

Digital computers

Answer 16

performs calculations and logical operations with quantities expressed as “digits”
Runs through electronic signals

Question 17

Based on size computers

Answer 17

super computers- needs a lot of computing power, fast, powerful, special purpose

mainframe computers- used by many users simultaneously, hosts missions
payroll, inventory control

Mini computers- midsized, for businesses and scientific work

Question 18

CPU/processor

Answer 18

responsible in interpreting most commands and basic instructions
it performs basic arithmetic and logical operations
and instruct/command other computer devices to perform their tasks

A program has a set of basic instructions. The processor access this stored memory and follows the commands

Question 19

Advantages of a multi core processor

Answer 19

Can divide the tasks
enables parallel programming
high performance even from a single machine

Question 20

File transfer methods

Answer 20

FTP
email
Cloud computing

Question 21

Cloud computing

Answer 21

A service provided through a network or the internet for storage, application and infrastructure which is present at a remote location

Question 22

IAAS

Answer 22

Provides a virtual machine which an OS could be installed to. This is also known as network architecture

Question 23

PAAS

Answer 23

provides an operating system to be installed into a virtual platform where applications could be run, developed and supported.

Question 24

SAAS

Answer 24

Accessing software without the browsers, which the service provider would install beforehand

Question 25

Automatic Data processing used in

Answer 25

Emergency broadcast services
War situation enabling
auto security updates

Question 26

SRAM

Answer 26

used for cache and registers
Has transistors- As long as power is on data can be stored for an infinite time
No need of refreshing circuitry
More power and more heat
more of an expense
Access time is less- fast
but less storage- fewer units per area in memory

Question 27

DRAM

Answer 27

Uses capacitors
Used for main memory
needs refreshing circuitry to maintain the charge of the capacitors
less expensive
access time is more- slow
needs les power so evolves less heat
more units per area in memory

Question 28

Registers

Answer 28

A small set of data holding places in the CPU
It accepts and stores data and instruction which are immediately executed from the CPU
provides operands to the ALU
high place in the memory hierarchy