Jura Flashcards
What is the Jura?
A mountainous region between Bourgogne and Switzerland with a winegrowing area known as Revermont.
What is Savagnin?
Native to Jura, descended from wild grapes, provides genetic material for Sauvignon blanc, Chenin blanc, Petit Manseng, and Sylvaner.
What is the aromatic pink-skinned variant of Savagnin?
Gewurztraminer.
How many different grape varieties were there in Jura in 1866?
42 different varieties.
What percentage of wine production in Jura was red in 1866?
80%.
What major factors affected wine production in Jura after the 1880s?
Mildew, phylloxera, wars, frosts, freezes, economic depressions, and recessions.
What impact did phylloxera have on Jura’s wine production?
Reduced production by 62%.
What did many vignerons do after phylloxera?
Replanted with American or hybrid vines, leading to a decline in quality.
What is ‘remembrement’?
A process of restructuring and consolidating vineyards in the 1970s.
What percentage of France’s wine does Jura produce today?
Less than 0.5%.
What types of wine are increasingly popular from Jura?
Vin jaune, ouillé, and Crémant.
What is ‘sous voile’?
Oxidative wine production without topping up or temperature control.
What characterizes ‘ouillé’ wine production?
Reductive method with no oxygen contact prior to bottling.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
A historical figure known for his role in understanding yeast in alcoholic fermentation.
What did Charles Rouget contribute to the wine industry?
Explained how identical grape varieties have alternate names.
What did Alexis Arpin achieve for Arbois?
Campaigned against fraud and achieved early AOC status in 1936.
What is ‘bouillie bordelaise’?
A mixture created by Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet to combat mildew.
What climate does Jura have?
Continental climate with alpine influences.
What geological feature do the Jura Mountains form?
A Rain Shadow.
What is a graben?
A rift valley caused by bedrock dropping between parallel geological faults.
What are the predominant soil types in Jura?
80% clay and 20% limestone.
What type of marl is good for red grapes?
Red Marl.
Which grape is best suited for limestone soil?
Chardonnay.
What is a ‘reculée’?
A deep, narrow valley in limestone where a stream emerges from underground.
List the five principal grapes of Jura.
- Chardonnay
- Savagnin
- Poulsard
- Pinot Noir
- Trousseau
What is the most common training system in Jura vineyards?
Guyot training.
How is Vin Jaune made?
From Savagnin using old barrels, not topped up, for 60 months.
What are the characteristics of Vin Jaune?
Flavors of nuts and dried fruit.
What is Vin de Paille?
A sweet straw wine from a blend of red and white grapes.
What grapes are typically used in Vin de Paille?
Equal quantities of Chardonnay, Savagnin, and Poulsard.
What is Macvin?
A fortified wine made using all five authorized grapes.
Name the six AOCs of Jura.
- Arbois AOC
- Château-Chalon AOC
- L’Étoile AOC
- Cotes du Jura AOC
- Macvin du Jura AOC
- Crémant du Jura AOC
What type of wine does Château-Chalon AOC produce?
Only Vin Jaune from Savagnin.
What is unique about L’Étoile AOC?
Only white grapes, mostly Chardonnay, are produced.
What percentage of Crémant du Jura AOC is white wine?
88%.
