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NET II Linguistics > June 2022 QP > Flashcards

June 2022 QP Flashcards

1
Q

What is ILCI?

A

Indian languages corpora development project funded by TDIL

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2
Q

TDILL programme of the Government of india supports

A

Technology development for indian languages

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3
Q

IPA

A

International phonetic Alphabet

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4
Q

Mean Length of Utterance was introduced by _____________

A

Roger Brown

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5
Q

MLU is a measure which computes the length of an utterance

A

MLU was studied by Brown using three children as test subject.This MLU is calculated by collecting a language sample of 100 utterances and dividing the total number of morphemes by this number of utterances.

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6
Q

The merging of forms using the loss of inflection is called as

A

Syncretism

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7
Q

The sound change moves through the vocabulary of a language called

A

Lexical Diffusion

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8
Q

______________ Dictionary that provides information about the major stock of vocabulary of a language.

A

Reference dictionary

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9
Q

Dictionary making is called

A

lexicography

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10
Q

who pioneered dialect geography?

A

George Wenker and Ferdinand Werde

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11
Q

Computer procesing of textual data is an example of

A

Unimodal procesing

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12
Q

EGIDS means

A

Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale

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13
Q

In Nigerian language the suffix go/ko is used to mark pronominal possession eg loo-go’

A

they are allomorphs

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14
Q

Sound Symbolism

A

the Constituent sounds of a word suggest its meaning

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15
Q

NAme Washoe, Koko. Nim and Kanzi refer to

A

Apes who learned sign language

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16
Q

Who first used the term Indo European?

A

Thomas Young

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17
Q

Place and manner of articulation of the sound /g/?

A

voiced unaspirated velar stop

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18
Q

what are Chomsky hierarchy of formal grammar ?
type 0,1,2,3

A

Chomsky’s Hierarchy has four distinct levels – Type 0, known as Unrestricted Grammar; Type 1, known as Context Sensitive Grammar; Type 2, known as Context Free Grammar; and Type 3, known as Regular Grammar.

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19
Q

Parts of speech according to Sanskrit grammar

A

nama, Akhyata, upasarga, nipata

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20
Q

Zone od Proximal Development (ZPD) was introduced by

A

Lev Vygotsky

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21
Q

Article______ of Indian Constitution states that official language of the union will be Hindi in Devanagari script

A

article 343

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22
Q

Deixis refers to

A

both spatial and temporal aspects

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23
Q

what is the circulatory phenomenon in reference to dictionary making?

A

the meaning of a single word is expressed in another single word both of which are non descriptive.

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24
Q

what is the type of code used in a relatively formal and educated situation _________

A

Elaborated code

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25
Q

The Linguistic system of an individual speaker is called

A

Idiolect

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26
Q

What is abhidha ?

A

It is a direct meaning of the word

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27
Q

The past tense form “went” is an example of _________ morpheme

A

suppletive

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28
Q

what form of verb can occur on its own in a sentence and must be marked for tense?

A

finite verb

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29
Q

when was “Two models of Grammatical description” seminal article published?

A

1954

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30
Q

who wrote “two models of Grammatical description” aritcle?

A

C.F Hockett

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31
Q

Nihali language spoken in Central India is a creole (T/F)

A

true

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32
Q

The Phonemic Principle article written by M.Swadesh was published in

A

the phonemic principle -1934

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33
Q

ask➡️ aks is example of

A

metathesis

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34
Q

CDS is synonymous with

A

Motherese

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35
Q

Capturing of near equivalent sense of source text (ST) by target text (TT) is known as

A

Fidelity

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36
Q

What does laksana mean ?

A

Sentence that Abandon its own sense

37
Q

______________ of Language study aims at mapping the change in language.

A

Diachronic study

38
Q

What is antecedent?

A

A noun or non noun constituent for which a pronoun stands.

39
Q

In the sentence ‘ Raju looked at himself in the mirror ‘ what is the antecedent?

A

Raju

40
Q

Research paper “ where is morphology?” Was published in
(1980/1981/1982/1983)

A

Where is morphology by S.R Anderson in 1982.

41
Q

A ‘squish’ is a term refers to a continuum along which ,_______ items can be placed

A

Lexical

42
Q

Squish was introduced by American linguist

A

John Robert Ross

43
Q

What is primary onomatopoeia?

A

The primary onomatopoeia is the direct imitation of a sound produced by an object

44
Q

What is secondary onomatopoeia?

A

secondary onomatopoeia comes from the sound combination produced by the specific characteristic of an object and its movement.

45
Q

Ideophone

A

certain word class evoking ideas in sound imitation to express an action, movement,manner, or property or sensation.
Eg: zig zag
Twinkle

46
Q

In Pre machine learning phase of AI , which programming languages were popularly used?

A

Proolog is a logic computer language (programming)
Lisp is a the second-oldest high-level computer language after FORTRAN

47
Q

Language revitalization example

A

Hawaiian (spoken in the USA) and Maori (spoken in New Zealand).

48
Q

How can language be revitalized?

A

language documentation and mentor-apprenticeship programs to immersion language schools.
Knowledge text generation

49
Q

What is linguistic landscaping?

A

Linguistic landscape studies is the investigation of displayed language in a particular space, generally through the analysis of advertisements, billboards, and other signs

50
Q

Variables in sociolinguistics studies?

A

class, age, sex, ethnic group or contextual style.

51
Q

What is feeding and bleeding order ?

A

Feeding: the application of A creates the opportunity for B to apply
Bleeding: the application of A prevents B from being able to apply

52
Q

In Generative Phonology by Paul kiparsky he introduced two ordering
What are they?

A

Feeding and bleeding

53
Q

Important rubrics of speaking are

A

Setting and end

54
Q

What is EGIDS?

A

The Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS), developed by Lewis and Simons (2010), measures a language’s status in terms of endangerment or development.

55
Q

The sentence “The President could not ratify the treaty” can be labelled as

A

[The President] np [could]m [not ratify the treaty]vp
[The President]np [could not]M [ratify the treaty]vp

56
Q

Prato Indo European (PIE) related excavations at ________ Huyuk in Turkey was conducted by James_______

A

Catal Huyuk- Proto Indo European- James Mellart

57
Q

James Mellart found evidences of H________,F________,M__________,T_________

A

Hunting, fertility rites,mud bricks,trade

58
Q

Difference between dialect and a language is generally made on the grounds of
Socio_______Location and Linguistics________
Lexical _________and Phonological_________

A

Dialect and language difference is made based on
Socio-Graphical location
Linguistic features
Lexical database
Phonological properties

59
Q

who outlined the key features of maxims of conversation?

A

Paul Grice- Outlined the 4 maxims of converstation

60
Q

what are the four maxims of conversations?

A

Quality
Quantity
relation
manner

61
Q

Metaphor is relation between two conceptual domains ____________&_____________.

A

Source Domain and Target Doamin

62
Q

what are function words?

A

prepositions, pronouns, auxiliary verbs, conjunctions, grammatical articles or particles

63
Q

Who authored “The theory and practice of translation”

A

Eugene Nida and Taber Charles (1982)

64
Q

Binary semantic Features are those which come naturally in pairs

A

[Male] and [female]
[animate] and [inanimate]

65
Q

The word ‘cook’ is an example of

A

A noun and a verb

66
Q

who introduced politeness principle?

A

Geoffrey leech

67
Q

What are six conversational maxims of Politeness principle?

A

tact
generosity
Approbation
Modesty
agreement
sympathy

68
Q

What are the two notable dichotomies proposed by F.de.Saussure

A

Langue and Parole
Syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations

69
Q

what is Paradigmatic relation ?

A

Paradigmatic relation describes a substitution relationship between words of the same word class.

70
Q

what is syntagmatic relation?

A

Syntagmatic relation illustrates the linear relationship / position between the words in a sentence.

71
Q

Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic

A

syntagmatic relation are abstract – concept, edit – film, team – sport, and occur – phenomenon; and examples of paradigmatic relation encompass adjust – modify, edit – revise, assent – agreement, abstract – summary, and edit – revise

72
Q

A bidirectional bilingual machine Translation system works for____________ and ___________language.

A

Target and source language

73
Q

what are the three main types of machine translation?

A

Rule-Based Machine Translation (RBMT)
Statistical Machine Translation (SMT)
Neural Machine Translation (NMT).

74
Q

As per the Census 2011 report of the Government of India following list of languages are not a part of non scheduled languages?

A

bangani and kurux

75
Q

What are the typical areal features characteristics of Indian Language families?

A

Retroflexion
reduplication
Echo words

76
Q

for language acquisition _________&__________ are needed?

A

Input and interaction

77
Q

match
a) Bhartrhari - S_________
b) Dinnaga - A___________
c) Kumarilabhatta - A_____________
d) Prabhakara Misra- A________________

A

a) Bhartrhari - Sphotavada
b) Dinnaga - Apohavada
c) Kumarilabhatta - Abhihitanvayavada
d) Prabhakara Misra- Anvitabhidhanavada

78
Q

author Name of Article
Leonard Bloomfield - m____________ morphophonemics
Morris Hale - _____________ to a theory of word formation
Zelling Harris - From morpheme to __________
David Pesetsky - Morphology and _______ form

A

Bloomfield - menomini morphophonemics
Morris Hale - Prolegomena to a theory of word formation
Zelling Harris - From morpheme to utterance
David Pesetsky - Morphology and logical form

79
Q

(a) The social differentiation of English in Norwich
(b) The interplay of social and linguistic factors in Panama
(c) The social stratification of English in New York City
(d) Belfast: Change and variation in an urban vernacular

A

(a) The social differentiation of English in Norwich- Peter Trudgill
(b) The interplay of social and linguistic factors in Panama- Henrietta cedergen
(c) The social stratification of English in New York City- William Labov
(d) Belfast: Change and variation in an urban vernacular- James Milrooy and Lesley Milroy

80
Q

Language Types

(a) Isolating language
(b) Agglutinating language
(c) Inflectional language
(d) Polysynthetic language

A

Language Types

(a) Isolating language- Vietnamese
(b) Agglutinating language- Turkish
(c) Inflectional language- Sanskrit
(d) Polysynthetic language- Inuktitut

81
Q

(a) The rise and fall of languages
(b) Dying words: Endan gered languages, and what they have to tell us
(c) Can threatened languages be saved?
(d) One thousand languages: Living, Endangered and lost

A

(a) The rise and fall of languages - R.M.W Dixon
(b) Dying words: Endan gered languages, and what they have to tell us - N.Evans
(c) Can threatened languages be saved? J. Fishman
(d) One thousand languages: Living, Endangered and lost - P.Austin

82
Q

a)h__ea__t
(b) s__ue
(c) b-oa-t
(d) c-o-t

A

sue- . high, back, rounded
(b) heat -II. high, front, unrounded
(c) cot- III. low, back, unrounded
(d) boat IV. mid, back, rounded

83
Q

a) Part of speech annotation

(b) Word sense annotation

(c) Syntactic annotation

(d) Orthographic annotation

A

Definition of annotation

  1. Tagging characters in a text- Orthographic annotation

II. Tagging sentences in a text- Syntactic annotation

III. Tagging word meaning in a text- word sense annotation
IV. Tagging part of speech of words- parts of speech annotation

84
Q

IPA Symbols

Description

(a) ?

(b) x

(c) η

(d) +

A

IPA Symbols

Description

(a) ? - Glottal stop

(b) x - voiceless palatal stop

(c) η - retroflex nasal

(d) + - voiced palatal

85
Q

I. Dravidian
II. Austro Asiatic
III. Tibeto Burman
IV. Indo Aryan

A

I. Dravidian - Irula
II. Austro Asiatic- Khasi
III. Tibeto Burman- Memba
IV. Indo Aryan- Bangani

86
Q

(a) UPSG
(b) CSG
(c) CFG
(d) RG

A

(a) UPSG- 0
(b) CSG-1
(c) CFG- 2
(d) RG-3

87
Q

. Arrange the places of articulation of consonants in correct sequential order from front to back

(a) Glottal
(b) Palatal
(c) Labial
d) Velar
(e) Dental

A

labial
dental
palatal
velar
glottal

88
Q

Arrange the nasal segments in a sequential order (front to back direction in place of articulation)

(a) Palatal nasal

(b) Velar nasal

(c) Dental nasal

(d) Bilabial nasal

(e) Retroflex nasal

A

Arrange the nasal segments in a sequential order (front to back direction in place of articulation)

 Bilabial nasal
 Dental nasal
 Retroflex nasal
 palatal nasal
 velar nasal
89
Q

Arrange the levels of representation of concepts in cognitive linguistic framework (a) Conception

(b) Linguistic meaning

(c) Form

(d) The world ‘out there’

(e) Perception

A

levels of representation of concepts in cognitive linguistic framework

The world ‘out there’
perception
conception
linguistic meaning
form

NET II Linguistics (1 decks)

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