July 2019

Question 1

What are the layers called that the earth is made up of?

Answer 1

The crust, the mantle and the core

Question 2

What is the shape of the earth?

Answer 2

Sphere

Question 3

Tell me about the core of the earth…

Answer 3

The centre part made from iron and nickle

Question 4

Tell me about the mantle of the earth…

Answer 4

Mostly solid, thick liquid that flows slowly

Question 5

Tell me about the crust of the earth…

Answer 5

This is the part we live on, a thin outer layer of solid rock made from different minerals such as elements and compounds.

Question 6

What are the 3 different rock types

Answer 6

Igneous rocks
Sedimentary rocks
Metamorphic rocks

Question 7

The Rock Cycle - Process 1 - Melting

Answer 7

Lots of heat makes some metamorphic rocks melt a little. This changes them to magma.

Question 8

The Rock Cycle - Process 2 - cooling

Answer 8

When the magma cools, it turns to solid igneous rock.

Question 9

The Rock Cycle - Process 3 - igneous rocks to metaphoric rocks

Answer 9

Heating and pressure

Question 10

The Rock Cycle - Process 4 - sedimentary rock to metaphoric rock

Answer 10

Under heat and pressure. Further squashing and hearing turns sedimentary rocks into metaphorphic rocks

Question 11

The Rock Cycle - Process 5 - Metaphoric rock to Sediment

Answer 11

Weathering.. This is the breaking down of rocks into smaller bits

How? Water gets into cracks which then freeze, expand, the cracks get bigger, bits of rock break off the rock

Question 12

The Rock Cycle - Process 6 - igneous rock to sediment

Answer 12

Weathering.. This is the breaking down of rocks into smaller bits

How? Water gets into cracks which then freeze, expand, the cracks get bigger, bits of rock break off the rock

Question 13

The Rock Cycle - Process 7 - sedimentary rock to sediment

Answer 13

Weathering.. This is the breaking down of rocks into smaller bits

How? Water gets into cracks which then freeze, expand, the cracks get bigger, bits of rock break off the rock

Question 14

The Rock Cycle - Process 8 - sediment to sedimentary rock

Answer 14

Compaction and cementation - new layers of sediment bury the layers beneath.

The older layers get squeezed d and compressed and eventually form sedimentary rocks

Question 15

The carbon cycle - process 1 - photosynthesis

Answer 15

Plants take carbon dioxide out of the air by photosynthesis.

Question 16

What is photosynthesis

Answer 16

Photosynthesis is how green plants make their food by using the energy from sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into glucose.

Carbon dioxide + water >sunlight> glucose + oxygen

Question 17

The carbon cycle - process 2 - eating

Answer 17

Animals eat the plants and the carbon in the plants goes into the animals

Question 18

The carbon cycle - process 3 - respiration

Answer 18

When plants and animals respire (respiration), they release carbon dioxide back into the air.

Respiration is how living things release energy from their food.

Question 19

The carbon cycle - process 4 - decomposition

Answer 19

Dead organisms and waste are broken down by decomposers.

Decomposers are tiny organisms that break down material eg bacteria and fungi

Question 20

The carbon cycle - process 5 - respiration

Answer 20

Decomposers respire and release carbon dioxide back into the air

Question 21

The carbon cycle - process 6 - combustion

Answer 21

The combustion (burning) of fossil fuels also releases carbon dioxide into the air

Question 22

What is the earths atmosphere made up of?

Answer 22

Gases

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
0.04% carbon dioxide

And small amounts of water vapour

Question 23

How is the carbon dioxide levels increasing into the earths atmosphere

Answer 23

Burning fossil fuels in cars and power stations

And

Deforestation

Question 24

How does carbon dioxide affect the earths climate

Answer 24

Global warming - increase in the earths temperature:

such as

glaciers are starting to melt faster which could cause sea levels to rise

And

Rainfall patterns are changing which might make it harder for some farmers to grow crops