Julius Caesar/Roman History Quiz Flashcards
Who conquered Rome around 600 BC?
Etrusans
In 509 BC, who led a rebellion that overthrew King Tarquin?
Junius Brutus
Another word for wealthy aristocrats
Patricians
Another word for common citizens
Plebeians/Plebes
Who tried to, but failed, to invade Rome in 390 BC?
The Gauls (France)
Who fought with Rome, and lost, from 280-272 BC?
The Greeks (Southern Italy)
Who led the Greeks?
Pyrrhus
Who fought Rome from 264-146 BC?
Carthage
Who attacked Rome via Spain and the Alps of Italy in the Second Punic War? (and won)
Carthaginian general Hannibal
Who won the Third Punic war, winning control of Carthage and many Mediterranean Provinces?
Rome
Aristocratic
Wealthy
Triumvirate
3 Man rule
Who of Rome’s 3 most powerful generals formed a triumvirate in 60 BC?
Pompey, Julius Caesar, and Crassus
When did Crassus die
53 BC
Who did Pompey marry?
Caesar’s daughter Julia
When did Julia die?
54 BC
What caused civil war?
The power struggle between Pompey and Caesar
Who was banned from returned to Rome from Gaul (France)?
Caesar
Who was chief magistrate of the Roman Senate?
Pompey
How long did Caesar build up an army and popularity in Gaul (France)?
9 years
When did Caesar disobey the Senate, going into Italy (Part of Rome at the time) from Gaul (France)?
49 BC
After Pompey fled Rome, what did Caesar do?
Gain control of Rome, setting up a temporary government with himself as ruler
When and where was Pompey assassinated?
Egypt, 48 BC
When did Julius Caesar defeat Pompey’s sons?
45 BC
Why did the republican senators not like Caesar?
While his intentions were good, he had enough power and support to be dictator for life, and they hated the idea of a monarchy.
Ides of March
March 15
What happened on the Ides of March?
60 senators assassinated Julius Caesar
Why where the senators attempts in vain?
14 years later, Julius Caesar’s nephew, Octavian (Augustus Caesar), became the “emperor of Rome”
What highlighted Augustus’ rule?
Pax Romana (Roman Peace)
Why where Pompey’s plans for land reform vetoed?
Pompey was absent, and his conservative critics vetoed it.
Last popular election in Rome before civil war
Crassus and Pompey running as consuls in 55
When and where was Pompey defeated?
Farsala, Greece, 48 BC
Who murdered Pompey?
Ptolemy XIII (Brother of Cleopatra)
Who forced Julius Caesar into a military career in Asia minor?
A patrician named Sulla
When was Sulla appointed as governor of Spain?
61 BC
What enabled Sulla to run a successful campaign for consul, despite the opposition of the Senate?
His alliance with Pompey and Crassus
What did Caesar become military governor of?
North Italy and Southern Gaul
How did Caesar conquer Gaul?
He already was military governor of Southern Gaul
What gave Caesar the power to reorganize the Roman state?
Having conquered Gaul and restricting the power and influence of the patrician-controlled Senate
How did Caesar get into Italy in 49 BC?
He defied the Senates orders to stay out of Rome, and Pompey’s naval blockade didn’t work because Pompey was defeated and murdered
When and how did Crassus die?
In battle with Parthia in 53 BC
Who did Caesar have an affair with?
Cleopatra
When did Caesar return to Rome to be declared dictator?
47 BC
Who was procurator of Judea
Antipater
To whom did Caesar give key positions in his new regime?
Cassius Longinus and Marcus Brutus
How did Caesar die?
He was stabbed to death
