Julian the Apostate-Spiritual Giants of the Third Century Flashcards
Julian the Apostate
very good military leader and Was Caesar and then becomes sole emperor
Raised as a Christian but Becomes pagan after having gone to school in Athens.
starts Revitalizing paganism
○ He took sacrifice very seriously
○ He attempted to rebuild the temple in order to show that Jesus can’t return to rebuild the temple but it failed.
Theodosius The Great(379 - 395 AD)
from spain
Last emperor to rule the united empire and led troops into battle himself
Catholic Christian -
Outlaws public pagan sacrifice
382 AD Alter of victory (Pagan Alter) was removed from the senate house.
disbanded Vestal virgins
Bishops are becoming political figures
Death and Succession of Theodosius the Great
○ Divides the empire into 2
○ Gives the east to his oldest son - Arcadius (18)
○ Gives the West to Honorius whose rule was a disaster
Honorius was in Ravennea when Rome was sacked. he thought his chicken Rome was what was sacked which mad him sad till he learned it was the city not his pet
Ambrose
○ Bishop of Milan - named bishop by the people against his will because he was believed to be able to navigate the struggles between Arians and Nicaeans well.
○ From an important Aristocratic Christian Family, Had a political career, Attempts to flee from the bishop position
Was going to get baptized when he gets close to death
○ Promotes Women’s asceticism
○ Writes multiple critical hymns
○ Very influential to Theodocius and was able to speak into a lot of his decisions.
St. Augustine of Hippo
○ Rhetoric teacher from north africa ○ Pagan Father, Christian Mother ○ He was part of the Manicheans - persian sect ○ Neo platonism ○ Goes to milan to work as a rhetorician ○ Hears Ambrose ○ His mom wants him to become a Christian ○ Very strong, defined conversion moment ○ Becomes a Monk and writes the Confessions ○ Becomes the Bishop of Hippo ○ Writes City of God ○ Deals with the Donatists ○ Develops the theology of Original sin
The Barbarians
● Greek for people who don’t speak latin or Greek
● Linguistic classification
what did Tacitus think of the barbarians?
○ Uncivilized
○ Praises moral integrity
○ Hates their way of life
what did Salvain think of the barbarians?
○ Smelly and rough
○ but Not corrupt, they Protect their widows and orphans, and Don’t expose infants
● Visigoths
○ Nomads
○ Settle on the northern frontier of Rome
○ Danube Freezes - Emperor invites them in giving them a Federati Status was suposed to give Food and land for the people but the Food is expensive, so they have to sell their kids into slavery
○ Battle of adrianople
■ ⅔ of 40,000 romans are wiped out causing them Embarrassment
■ Visigoths had to scatter to survive as the Romans starve and abuse the visigoths to kill them
○who was Alaric
■ King of the visigoths who unites the people
● maintains the treasury
■ He wants to be a roman general, this is denied him.
■ He surrounds rome and makes demands they are not met so they Sack Rome, Then they go to spain and southern france
● Huns
○ Ukraine 4th century ○ Horse herders ○ Shoot bows ○ Saddles and spurs, but no stirrups ○ Loose confederation of people ○ vicious and cruel ○ Attila - terrorizes the roman people ○ Raids along the balkans ○ 451 - Attila moves into gaul ○ 452 - He invades italy ○ He dies and his empire falls apart
● Ostrogoths
○ from Northern Italy ○ Arian ○ Odovaker- ■ Disposes of the last emperor of Rome - Romulus Augustulus ■ King of the ostrogoths ■ He sends the robes to Constantinople ■ “We don’t need someone in Rome”
