Jugular venous pulse Flashcards
A non-pulsatile JVP is seen in
superior vena caval obstruction.
Kussmaul’s sign describes
paradoxical rise in JVP during inspiration seen in constrictive pericarditis.
jugular venous waveform the first wave is a what is a associated with ?
right atrial contraction
A wave is large when ?
if atrial pressure increases - tricuspid stenosis,
pulmonary stenosis,
pulmonary hypertension
Ebstien anomaly - tricuspid regurgitation so V wave is large
Pansystolic murmur
But also the right atria is large and the tricuspid is formed a bit lower
A wave is absent in ?
atrial fibrillation
Cannon ‘a’ waves seen in ?
atrial contractions against a closed tricuspid valve (tricuspid aresia )
in complete heart block, ventricular tachycardia/ectopics, nodal rhythm,
single chamber ventricular pacing
After a waves the next wave in jugular venous wave form is a c wave what does this represent ?
closure of tricuspid valve - not normally visible
After an A , and C wave the next wave form is an X descent what does this represent ?
fall in atrial pressure during ventricular systole
After an A , and C wave and X descent , there is a V wave what does this represent ?
passive filling of blood into the atrium against a closed tricuspid valve
giant v waves seen in
tricuspid regurgitation - ebstien Anamoly
congenital heart defect characterised by low insertion of the tricuspid valve resulting in a large atrium and small ventricle. It is sometimes referred to as ‘atrialisation’ of the right ventricle
Patent foramen ovale
ASD
Shunt is right to left ! - leading to cyanosis
After an A , and C wave and X descent , then a V wave , there is y descent what does this represent?
opening of tricuspid valve
when is there a y wave absent on JVP ?
cardiac tamponade
