Judiasm Flashcards
Ancient conceptions: Mesopotamians
Ziggurat
massive stone structure in ancient Mesopotamia
Black section = underworld
Ancient conceptions: Mesopotamians
Arishgagul
Goddess of the underworld
Ancient conceptions: Mesopotamians
Who believes in some sort of underworld?
Egyptians
Mesopotamians
Greeks
Romans
Ancient conceptions: Mesopotamians
Marduk
God of Babylon
Ancient conceptions: Mesopotamians
Badu
Gatekeeper of the underworld
Ancient conceptions: Mesopotamians
How many gates in the underworld?
7
Ancient conceptions: Mesopotamians
Ishtar
Goddess
Gates
Gates of Ishtar- queen who travels to the underworld and survives
Ancient conceptions: Mesopotamians
Egypt’s
Beatle is a symbol of immortality
Bestie survives a miserable temporary environment
Interested in mummification
Preserving the body so that it would be prepared for some sort of after life
Judaism
Where did Abraham come from?
UR
He will be impacted by Mesopotamian culture
Monotheist
Mesopotamian = polytheists
Ancient Hebrew religion: Adam and Eve
Creation story Found in genesis Believed by most but not all First humans Believe god is male
Imago dei - made in gods image
Find themselves in the garden of eden
Find fruit god says not to eat it, serpent comes temps them they eat it but doesn’t die
-their innocence dies, lost immortality
From dust you were created and to dust you will return
Jewish funeral
Want to be buried - comes out of Mesopotamian
Judaism: Noah’s ark
Seat his introduced through sin
Animals are important
Noahide laws - not allowed to eat the meat of the animal while it is still alive
Ethical- legal dimension
Judaism: Abraham
Patriarch - male ruler
God tests his faith by asking him to kill his son
Is willing and god says stop
Circumcision - son that is used as a covenant between god and Abraham (blood)
Kills a ram instead of child
Issac has a son named Jacob - then name changed to Israel
Jacob has multiple sons known as the tribes, favourite son by the name of Joseph
His brothers don’t like Jospeh and the brothers plot to kill him , sell gun
Joseph does to Egypt becomes second in command
7 fat cows 7 lean cows stands for wealth and 7 years of famine
Look to Egypt to get grain but Joseph is the one who awaits them - forgives them
Move to Egypt - brothers are put into slavery
God wants a deliverer to get these people out of slavery
Judaism: Israelite : introduces Moses
When Jacob died Joseph was told to bring his body back to Israel
Mummified him
Pharaoh thinks population is growing too fast and he orders death, kill first born sons
Mother of Moses, saves his life
Moses sees an Egyptian hurt an Israelite and ends up killing him , runs away
Sees a burning bush = god
Who are you? What are you? = eternal being
Moses says let them go but the pharaoh says no
God sends a plague
Angel of death will come and kill the first born of Egyptians = Passover
God splits the Red Sea and then kills the Egyptians
God gives the Torah on top of mount Sinai
Judaism: second temple
Built to animals
Solomon built this
Music and sacrifice
Messiah= anointed one
Israelites become off track of monotheism and start to become poly theists
Prophets warn the kings to stop worshipping idols
Temple is destroyed
King Cyrus of Persia said if you want to go back build it again and instead of sacrifice use prayer
Romans ruined Rempel and it was never rebuilt
Judaism writings
Torah (law) also known as tanak
Prophets: texts written by prophets warning kings
Wisdom literature: wise sayings, advice texts
Rabbinic Judaism
Institutional leader
Talmud - 32-33 volumes
Hebrew bible doesn’t answer questions about the after life
Two texts: bible and Talmud
Talmud is the interpretation of the bible
Judaism: creation: life and death
Sin will bring death
Adam brings death in the world, Jesus will bring forgiveness in the world through Adams death
Judaism: how many question when you meet god
6
Judaism: 7 names for Gehenna
Can represent the underworld
Netherland Destruction Pit Tumultuous pit Miry clay Shadow of death
Judaism: who is Moses Maimonides
13 principles
Talmudic scholar of the medieval period, and write commentaries for Jews
“From Moses to Moses there was no one like Moses”
Judaism is not credal
Lots of metaphysics of the divine
Judaism groups
Reform: adapt Jewish practice and beliefs within culture
Liberal
Adapting to culture
Orthodox: focus on authority of tradition
Reaction to the reform movement in Judaism
Conservative: like reform
Universal and tradition, with cultural interpretation
Reconstructionist: Judaism as evolutionary
Super liberal 1% of Jews
Almost saying break the whole thing to reconstruct
Lots of flexibility
Battle of Budra wells
Coming from north from Syria
Protect the caravan
Muhammad would never attack a civilian caravan
Pay his soldiers (spoils of war)
Sacralization of war
Kill Meccans who stole from them (revenge)
Gain wealth
License to kill simply because they are polytheists
Only kill during the battle of budrawells
