Judging Vocab List Flashcards by Anna Terrill

Frame subcategories

Rump 5, Front end 5, back/loin 2, stature 2, breed characteristics 1

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4 main categories and percent value

Frame 15, dairy strength 25, rear feet and legs 20, udder 40

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Dairy strength categories

Ribs 8, chest 6, barrel 4, thigh 2, neck 2, withers 2, skin 1

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Rear feet and legs subcategories

Movement 5, side view 3, rear view 3, feet 3, thurl position 2, hocks 2, bone 1, pasterns

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Udder subcategories

Udder depth 10, rear udder 9, teat placement 5, udder cleft 5, fore udder 5, tests 3, udder balance and texture 3

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Rump positives MMMRHT

More nearly level and flatter around the rump
More width between the pins
More refined around the tailhead
Right amount of slope from hooks to pins
Higher and wider in the thurls
Tailhead sets neater between pins

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Rump negatives

Sloping in the rump
Narrow between hooks and pins
Prominent, course tailhead 
Low in the thurls
Too much slope from hooks to pins
Reverse tilt to the rump

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Front end positives

Straighter front legs 
Width between front legs
Deeper and more refined in the shoulders
Shoulder blends more smoothly into body 
Shoulders set tightly against body
Less prominent at point of shoulder

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Front end negatives

Front legs toe out or in
Too narrow between front legs
Loose, open shoulders 
Shallow shoulder lacking strength 
Wing shouldered
Open behind the shoulders

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Back loin positives

Straighter back
More level top line 
Fuller in the chine (crops)
Stronger (wider) in the chine
Stronger in the loin

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Back loin negatives

Dippy in the back
Easy over the topline
Weak in the chine 
Narrow in the chine 
Weak in the loin

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Stature positives

Taller
Length in the long bones
Withers even with hips
Height appropriate for breed

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Stature negatives

Shorter
Shorter in the long bones
Withers too high(low) compared to hips
Too tall(short) for breed

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Breed characteristics positives

Exhibits overall style and balance
Refined feminine head
Head exhibiting more breed character
Broader muzzle
Stronger, deeper in the jaw
Long strong head

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Breed characteristics negative

Rough course lacking style and balance 
Course masculine head
Lacks breed character about the head
Narrow weak muzzle 
Parrot jaw
Short plain head
Roman nosed

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Ribs positives

Wide flat ribs
Sweep to the ribs
Well sprung ribs
More open ribs

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Ribs negatives

Ribs too pinched
Lacking opened and sweep to ribs
Lacking spring to ribs
Tighter ribs

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Chest positives

Deep wide chest
Deeper in the heart girth
Deeper flanked cow
Wider in the chest floor

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Chest negatives

Narrow weak chest
Pinched heart girth
Shallow bodied
Narrow chest floor

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Barrel positives

Larger more capacious barrel
Deeper in the barrel
Greater spring to fire and rear ribs
More openness

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Barrel negatives

Lacking capacity in the barrel
Lacking fullness in the barrel
Narrow shallow bodied
Frail weak narrow

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Thigh positives

Cleaner and more incurving thigh

Leaner and flatter in the thighs

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Thigh negatives

Thick, course thigh

Carrying excess flesh in the thighs

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Neck positives

Longer cleaner in the neck
More refined about the neck, dewlap and brisket
Necks blends more smoothly into shoulders

Neck negatives

Thick in the neck Short and course in the neck Rough coarse neck that does not blend

Withers positives

Sharper over withers More prominent withers More angular when viewed from the top Clean cut at the withers

Withers negatives

Coarse over withers Thick withers Round withers Fleshy withers

Skin positives

Loose pliable skin | Thin skin

Skin negatives

Rough dull skin | Thick skin

Movement positives

Fluid even gait Long stride with rear feet replacing front Feet track straight ahead

Movement negatives

Stiff choppy gait Short cramped stride Looping track

Side view positives

Moderate angle at the hock | Correct set to the hocks

Side view negatives

Sickle hocked | Posty legged

Rear view positives

Wide between the rear legs | Straight from the rear

Rear view negatives

Narrow pinched in the rear legs | Cow hocked

feet positives

Deep heel | Steep angle to the foot

Feet negatives

Shallow heel Foot angle too low or high Toes out

Thurl position positive

Centred between hooks and pins

Thurl negative

Thurl too forward or backward

Hocks positive

Clean flat hocks

Hocks

Course puffy hocks

Bone positive

Clean flat bone in the legs

Bone negative

Lacking clean flat bone in the legs

Pasterns positive

Stronger in the pasterns | Dewclaw well off the ground

Pasterns negative

Weak pasterns | Dewclaw too close ground

Udder depth positive

Deep udder held above her hocks Capacious udder Well developed mammary system

Udder depth negative

Udder floor below hocks Lacks capacity Shallow udder lacking volume

Rear udder positives

High wide attachment Strongly attached Well attached Uniform width to rear udder

Rear udder negatives

Narrow attachment Loose attachment Lower in the rear attachment Narrow at the top

Test placement positives

Squarely placed Plumb More uniformly placed

Teat placement negatives

Teats too close together Teats pony out Teats too far apart

Udder cleft positive

Stronger medial suspensory ligament Displaying more Center support More udder crease viewed from rear Obvious inter-mammary grooves

Udder cleft negatives

Broken weak suspensory ligament Udder lacking cleavage Flat udder floor when viewed from rear Loose pendulous udder

Fore udder positives

``` Longer smoother fore udder attachment Even balanced fore udder More fullness to for udder More secure for udder Firmer, tighter ```

Fore udder negatives

``` Loosely attached fore udder Fore udder lacks balance Short fore udder Bulgy Steep cut up fore udder ```

Teats positives

Symmetrical in shape Correct length Cylindrical shape

Teats negative

``` Lacking symmetry Too short (long) Funnel bottle or pencil shaped ```

Udder balance and texture positive

Udder floor level Quarters balanced Tortuous veining

Udder balance and texture negative

Uneven udder floor Fore/rear quarters not balanced Less veining on udder