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Religion > Judaism TEST > Flashcards

Judaism TEST Flashcards

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1
Q

B’rit (Covenant)

A

The agreement made between God and Abraham/Moses and the Jewish people - the Jewish expression of monotheism.

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2
Q

Torah

A

Jewish Law, teaching the five books of Moses

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3
Q

Mitzvah (Mitzvot)

A

Obligation and commandment in Torah. 613 of them

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4
Q

Halakhah (Halakhot)

A

Jewish Law

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5
Q

Mashiach

A

Messiah (believed to come, fundamental part of Judaism)

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6
Q

Kedushah

A

Holiness

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7
Q

Teshuvah

A

repentance - delete what is wrong/ forgive sins

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8
Q

Shekhinah

A

The presence of God.

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9
Q

Who are the Children of Israel?

A

Descendents of Jacob (called Israel), his father Isacc and his father Abraham.

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10
Q

B’rit Milah

A

Circumcision process. Sing of being Jewish and an important component of the Covenant.

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11
Q

Mohel

A

A Circumciser

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12
Q

Sandek

A

A support person

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13
Q

Bris ceremony

A

When child given formal name

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14
Q

Bar Mitzvah

A

Son of the commandment. First time boy participates in the synagogue service as an adult.

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15
Q

Yetzer hara

A

evil inclination

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16
Q

Yetzer hatov

A

good inclination

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17
Q

Ketubah

A

Marriage contract. God has control over the couple.

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18
Q

get

A

A divorce contract that must come from the husband.

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19
Q

Kavod ha-met

A

The dead

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20
Q

nihum avelim

A

Those who mourn.

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21
Q

hevra kadisha

A

Group preparing the body

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22
Q

shiva time

A

7 days

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23
Q

Ma’ariv

A

evening prayer, just after sunset

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24
Q

Minhah

A

afternoon prayer, kaddish is prayed

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25
Q

Kaddish

A

ancient Jewish prayer giving thanks and praise

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26
Q

Shaharit

A

Morning blessings (Birchot hashachar)

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27
Q

Beracha (berachot)

A

A type of Jewish prayer in which God is blessed

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28
Q

Kiddush

A

blessing recited over wine

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29
Q

Shabbat

A

Jewish day of rest

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30
Q

Siddur

A

Prayer book containing prayers for home and synagogue.

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31
Q

Minyan (quorum)

A

community of faith, a people chosen by God and
therefore prayers are not the responsibility of one person or can be restricted to one person.

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32
Q

Bimhah

A

Reading platform at the center of the synagogue so everyone can hear

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33
Q

Nevi’im

A

The prophetic books of the Hebrew Bible describing the history of the Jewish People

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34
Q

Ketuvim

A

the writings of the Hebrew Bible (11 of them)

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35
Q

Shema

A

Basic statement of faith (prayer)

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36
Q

Amidah

A

central prayer of all 3 services, morning afternoon. and evening. Literally means standing.

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37
Q

Aleinu

A

prayer that starts with a statement of duty to God.

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38
Q

Ashkenazi Jews

A

Jews descended from the Jews of France, Germany, and Eastern Europe.

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39
Q

Sephardi Jews

A

Jews from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain, Middle East)

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40
Q

Kashrut

A

Ritual food laws defining what Jews can and Cant eat, also known as kosher.

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41
Q

What is Fasting?

A

A way of expressing sorrow for sinful behaviour

42
Q

Kippah/yarmulkah

A

Skull cap. Serves as a reminder that God is watching everything we do.

43
Q

Mezuzah

A

Box on a doorpost. (paper with Torah) At doorframes

44
Q

Tefillin

A

Boxes with leather straps with the Torah

45
Q

Tallit

A

Prayer shawl expressing importance of obeying commandments and not being sinful.

46
Q

Spice box and candles

A

Used during Havdalah, marking end of the Sabbath

47
Q

Shabat rituals at home

A

meal with fam, wear good clothes, before: house cleaned and food prepared.

48
Q

Shabat rituals at Synagogue

A

Torah scroll carried around, prayers offfered, money given

49
Q

Pilgrim festival of Pesach

A

Commemorated the Angel of Death passing over the Israelites during their slavery in Egypt. No leavened bread.

50
Q

pilgrim festival of weeks of Shavuot

A

Pentecost. Work is not done. Stay up and study Torah, then wake up early to pray.

51
Q

Pilgrim festival of Sukkot

A

Commemorates 40 year of wandering. Tabernacles. No work done

52
Q

The High Holy Day Rosh Hashanah

A

the New Year. Reflections

53
Q

The High Holy day Yom Kippur

A

Day of atonement and repentance. MOST important holiday

54
Q

Do women follow all commandments

A

No they focus on house and children

55
Q

When are women required to recite prayer?

A

Over the wine Kiddush

56
Q

Bat Chayil ceremony

A

12 year old girls. Girl presents Jewish topic to give evidence of education

57
Q

What are the 3 sections of the Hebrew Bible?

A

The Torah, Nevi’im, and Ketuvim

58
Q

What is the Torah also reffered to as?

A

The Five Books of Moses or the Law

59
Q

What is the Written law?

A

The Torah

60
Q

Where has Oral Law been written?

A

Talmud in the form of Rabbinic discussion on all aspects of Jewish life.

61
Q

What are the two parts of the Talmud?

A

THe Mishnah and the interpretive Gemara

62
Q

What is the Talmud?

A

The authoritative record of rabbinic discussions on all aspects of Jewish life.

63
Q

Who was Rashi and what did he do?

A

Rashi was a well respected commentator on the Torah.

64
Q

Tanahk is another way of saying what?

A

Hebrew Bible

65
Q

Rabbinic Responsa

A

A set of rabbinic writing, similar to rabbinic commentaries. containing rules for ordinary incidents in life.

66
Q

Aggadah

A

ethical teachings

67
Q

What is the Talmud written in?

A

Hebrew and Aramaic.

68
Q

How many sections does the Talmud have?

A

63

69
Q

What is Aramaic?

A

a Semitic language, closely related
to Hebrew that became the dominant language of the middle east

70
Q

What is the major different between Orthodox and non-Orthodox movements?

A

Orthodox Jews believe that both the written and Oral Torah are directly from God without human intervention.

71
Q

How did Reform Judaism emmerge?

A

In 19th Century Germany, reform judaism was an intellectual response, arguing for increased integration into society.

72
Q

Haskalah

A

Word used to describe the beginning of Jewish involvement with the secular world.

73
Q

Eschatology

A

End of the World and God’s final Judgment. Jews believe in the coming of the Mesiah where the dead will be resurrected

74
Q

Olam-Ha Ba

A

world to come. Spiritual afterlife

75
Q

Cosmogony

A

spiritual creation

76
Q

Cosmology

A

the physical creation. God created everything

77
Q

Maimonides’ 13 Articles of Faith

A

Describes Orthodox Judaism’s core beliefs including God’s existence, uniqueness, and Torah’s divine origin

78
Q

Beth Din

A

Rabbinical court for religious law with authority in Israel and Jewish communities

79
Q

Orthodox Jews

A

Follow laws strictly

80
Q

Hasidim

A

Ultra orthodox Jews living in seperate societies

81
Q

Mishnah

A

Rabbinic text giving ethical guidance

82
Q

Mussar

A

tradition demanding ethical monotheism and decent behavior toward others

83
Q

orthodox judaism

A

-torah divine origin

84
Q

conservative judaism

A

-torah divine inspiration
-accepts interpretations

85
Q

reform judaism

A

-focuses on meaningful tradition
-participates in society

86
Q

progressive judaism

A

-focus on relationship with god
-women and men equal roles

87
Q

Who are the 3 figures of authority in Judaism?

A

Prophets (prents gods will), Priests (community leaders), Rabbis (teachers and scholars)

88
Q

Diaspora

A

the dispersion of the Jewish people beyond israel

89
Q

Hasidic Jews

A

Branch of Orthodox Judaism believing in joyful worship with dance and music

90
Q

Kabbalah

A

Mystical experiences inside torah (important for Hasidic Jews)

91
Q

Mikveh

A

ritual bath for conversion followed by taking of a Jewish name

92
Q

Shiksa

A

female convert

93
Q

Decalogue

A

10 commandments. (first to mitzvot)

94
Q

Kiddushin

A

act of getting women to mary

95
Q

agunah

A

women unable to mary /anchored to her husband

96
Q

Shechita

A

ritaul slaughter of aninals for kosher

97
Q

Zionism

A

political movement seeking to establish a Jewish State

98
Q

Tikkun Olam

A

Reparation of the Universe

99
Q

Pikuach Nefesh

A

Setting aside a law to save a life.

100
Q

Agadah

A

part of talmud dealing with ethics and moral values including narrative material on exmplary figures

Religion (7 decks)

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