Judaism Flashcards
Who was Abraham and what did he do? 2
First father or ‘Patriarch’ of Judaism
Left his homeland because of god and promoted a personal relationship between 1 man and 1 god.
Judaism is Covenantal, what does this mean?
based on an agreement between the divine and human
What is Genesis 17: 4-7
This is my covenant with you; You shall be the ancestor of a multitude of nations…
What act assured God of Abrahams devotion? and what happened afterwards?
God told Abraham to sacrifice his son Isaac,
Abraham trusted God and an Angel prevented the Sacrifice
Who was Moses? 1
The founder of Judaism
Outline how moses allowed the Exodus of his people? 11 lol
born into slavery adopted by Egyptian Royalty Fled after murdering a guard became a shepard spoken to by flaming bush (god) told to save his people take them to a 'land of flowing milk and honey' requested slaves freed got rekt plagues --> passover Released from Egypt
What is Passover and its significance? 3
The final plague of Egypt was that the first born son of every family would be killed. (1) to stop this, lamb’s blood had to be painted on the door (2) so the spirit would pass over the house (3)
What occurred after the Exodus? 3
Parted the red sea
Exodus 20 - 10 Commandments
spoken directly to Moses by God on Mt Sinai
What are the 3 types of Judaism?
Conservative
Orthodox
Progressive
What are the defining characteristics of Conservative Judaism? 7
Middle ground between other types strong rejection of inflexible thinking people more important than religion rituals in hebrew and english Men and Women sit together in synagogue Women can read from Torah Girls can have Bah Mitzvah's
What are 4 defining characteristics of Orthodox Judaism?
strong following of rabbinical Judaism
Rituals strictly in hebrew
separation of Sexes in synagogue
Strict in regards to commandments
what are the 5 defining characteristics of Progressive Judaism?
emphasis on Tikkun Olam Dynamic - reinterpret Torah to maintain relevance No division; men and women equal (women rabbis!!) Social and environmental action
What are the 3 principle beliefs of Judaism?
Single god who is the creator and ruler of the Universe
Divinely inspired moral law
The idea of the Covenant
What is the Shema? recite Deuteronomy 6:4
a prayer consisting of 3 passages from the Torah.
“Hear O Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is one.”
What is yigdal? What is its meaning? 2.5 lines
Exalted be the Living God and praised, He exists – unbounded by time is His existence;
He is One – and there is no unity like His Oneness – Inscrutable and infinite is His Oneness;
He has no semblance of a body nor is He corporeal…
YHWH is above matter and form
What are 3 ways the monotheistic belief in a single god who is the creator and ruler of the universe becomes a dynamic part of judaism?
Shema prayer
Binding of the Teffilin during morning prayers; which contains passages from exodus
Sacharit Prayer
What are the 4 attributes of YHWH
omnipotent
omnipresent
omniscient
ultimate justice
explain the belief in a divinely inspired moral law?
Ethical standards
by being righteous you gain salvation of God always
YHWH is just and holy - demands this from humanity
Divinely inspired moral law - Recite Micah 6:8
And what does the lord require of you? to act justly and to love mercy and walk humbly with your god.
What does the covenant state regarding ethical behaviour? 3
protect widows and orphans
do justice to one another
shun usury
Outline the importance of the Idea of the Covenant. 3
Renewal of covenant between god+abraham
central to Judaism; gives means to sanctify life/identity
indicates ethical standards (10 commandments)
What are the two basic precepts regarding Jewish ethical teachings?
proper conduct with god
proper conduct with other people
What 2 places in the Torah can ethical teachings be found
10 commandments
613 Mitzvots provide framework for living; cover all aspects of life
What allows Jewish people to distinguish between good an evil?
actions are the only thing that hold importance; intent means nothing
What do the first and second half the of 10 commandments deal with
first 5; method of worship
last 5; relationship with Jewish e.g. Thou shall not murder
What does the prophetic vision do?
inspires jews to fulfill covenant i.e. righteousness and justice
why are prophets so darn good? 2
distinguish between justice and injustice; speak out against power
remember and remind people of covenant
What did prophet Amos say? What does this mean?
Seek good and not evil, that you may live… hate evil and love good, and establish justice in the gate.’ relief of human suffering; peace; protection of earth
What is gemilut chasadim? what are 3 examples?
‘acts of loving kindness’
hospitality to strangers
visiting the sick
assisting poor/orphaned/sick
What is the book of proverbs? 2
one of the books of the tanakh
collection of moral and philosophical proverbs
What are the four sects of the book of proverbs?
wisdom
righteousness
purity
generosity of spirit
What does the Book of Proverbs say about Wisdom? 1
god expresses his will through wisdom of people
What does the Book of Proverbs say about righteousness?
beneficial to individual and community
What does the Book of Proverbs say about Purity? 4
refers to importance of family life
- children honour parents
- parents guide children
- mother holds honourable position
What does the Book of Proverbs say about Generosity? 2
jewish people required to be charitable
due to history/suffering of people
What is the importance of Ethical teachings?
framework for ethical life
family, social, and business
reward of god and resurrection when messiah comes
What are the two sacred texts of Judaism?
Tanakh and Talmud
What is the tanakh? (1)what is it divided into? 3
recounts history of jews
torah
nevi’im
ketubim
What are the 5 books of the Torah revealed to Moses, what do each contain?
Genesis - creation
Exodus - Moses
Leveticus - Rules of conduct
Numbers - Israelite –> desert–> promised land
Deuteronomy - death of Moses, promised land
What is in the Nevi’im (2)
Combines historical events with religious teaching
divided into first and last prophets
What is in the Ketubim? 2
writings or wisdom literature
Psalms 145:1-3 advises constant worship
What is the Talmud? What are the 2 sections called?
collective name for rabinnical teachings
Mishnah
Gemara
What are the 6 s’darim orders in the Mishnah?
agricultural matters religious festivals womens issues civil and criminal law sacraficial rites of the temple purity and cleanliness
Whats in the gemara?
Summarises and completes issues in the mishnah
What is the Shabbat? When and does it occur?
Jewish Sabbath, meaning rest
no work is done
starts friday evening –> saturday evening
What is the importance of the Shabbat? 4
instituted in 10 commandments
reminder of creation
reminder of deliverance from slavery
all highlight belief in 1 omnipotent god
What happens on the Shabbat? 5
Friday evening - Kabbalet Shabbat - women light candles and bless family
Kiddish (main part) - sanctification of sacramental wine, everyone drinks from cuo, breaking of bread
readings from torah
midday meal
Havdalah service concludes.
