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SOR2 > Judaism > Flashcards

Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three principal beliefs?

A
  • Belief in a single god (creator and ruler of the universe)
  • Moral law prescribed by God
  • Covenant
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2
Q

What are the three variants of Judaism?

A

Conservative, progressive and orthodox

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3
Q

What are the unique features of orthodox judaism?

A
  • Preserves the faith and traditional beliefs of Judaism.
  • Carried out through the division of genders.
  • Strict observance of dietary laws (kashrut), shabbat observance and observance of festivals
  • More traditional and conservative dress (wigs- sheitel)
  • No driving on the Sabbath
  • Started as progressive Judaism which didn’t like the attempts to modernise
  • Men and women are seated separately in the synagogue
  • Services and prayer books are done in Hebrew
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4
Q

What are the unique features of progressive judaism?

A
  • Also called reform
  • Accept modern scholarly opinions of Hebrew scriptures
  • Moral laws are binding but other laws (dietary, sabbath), cultural norms
  • Torah is instructional and not legally binding
  • Genders are not separated
  • Female rabbis are not uncommon
  • Flexible practices - men reject kosher diet
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5
Q

What are the unique features of conservative Judaism?

A
  • Sit between progressive and orthodox
  • Bound to follow the halakhic laws even though they believe the Torah was typically written by divinely inspired humans
  • Many jewish customs are strongly encouraged but not customary
  • Masses are in English and Hebrew
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6
Q

Who was the first patriarch?

A

Abraham

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7
Q

What was the background of Abraham?

A
  • Originally known as Abram
  • Lived a semi-nomadic life in southern Mesopotamia (moved around a lot)
  • Shepard son of Terah and brother of Nahor and Haran
  • Names of Abrahams mother and sisters are unknown because it wasn’t tradition to record the names of females
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8
Q

What was Abraham’s first encounter with God?

A
  • He would become the head of a great nation
  • God would provide him with a land of his own (promised land of Canaan)
  • Instructed him to leave Mesopotamia
  • Subject to ten tests of faith to prove his worthiness for this covenant
  • Built an altar when he reached Canaan
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9
Q

What should you include when talking about Abraham’s life and the covenant?

A
  • What is the covenant promise
  • Background of Abraham
  • First encounter with God
  • Canaan - promised land
  • Promise of descendants
  • Ishmael
  • Covenant of circumcision
  • Abrahams covenantal obligations
  • Isaac
  • Sacrifice of Isaac
  • Renewal of promise and descendants
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10
Q

Quote for life of Abraham and covenant

A

“God will provide” (Genesis 22:8)
“Offspring as numerous as the stars in heaven” (Genesis 22:17)

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11
Q

What was God’s promise of descendents?

A
  • Due to famine travelled to Egypt and then Hebron
  • Sarah had not had any children like God promised
  • God said QUOTE- (Genesis 22:17)
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12
Q

Who was Ishmael?

A

Abraham had a child with Hagar who was Sarah’s servant girl and his name was Ishmael.

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13
Q

What was the covenant of circumcision?

A
  • After Ishmael was born God appeared to Abraham again
  • Lead to covenant of circumcision
  • God promised again he would have descendants and land
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14
Q

What were God’s encounters with Abraham?

A
  • Promise of descendants
  • Covenant of circumcision
  • Abraham’s covenant obligations
  • Isaac and his sacrifice
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15
Q

What were Abraham’s covenant obligations?

A
  • Called to walk in the presence of God and be blameless
  • Name changed from Sarah to Sarai and Abram to Abraham
  • Commanded to keep the covenant and circumcision is a sign of the covenant
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16
Q

Who was Isaac and what happened to him

A
  • Isaac was the son of Sarah and Abraham
  • He was circumcised at 8 days old
  • God said that Isaac should be sacrificed
  • Says that QUOTE - (Genesis 22:8)
  • Is about to kill Isaac when God sends an angel to stop him
17
Q

What was the renewal of the covenant?

A
  • God rewarded Abraham for trusting him and blessed him abundantly with land and descendants
18
Q

What were the origins of Judaism?

A
  • Abraham was born into a polytheistic culture
  • Abraham came to believe that it was a monotheistic religion
  • Abraham received the covenant from God
  • Judaism stemmed from the people of Israel
19
Q

What happened when Abraham died?

A
  • Isaac was married to Rebekah after Sarah died
  • He died at 175 and was buried next to Sarah
20
Q

Who was Moses?

A
  • Abraham is the father of Judaism whilst Moses is its teacher
  • Moses led God’s people out of slavery
  • Considered by the Jews to be the first and the greatest prophet
21
Q

What was the book of Exodus?

A
  • It tells the story of the baby being plucked out of the river by the daughter of the Pharoah
  • Child was called Moses
  • Moses fled the court of the Pharoah after killing an Egyptian who was mean to a Hebrew slave
  • Moses was to become a powerful spiritual and political force to free the Hebrews from slavery
22
Q

Outline the giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai

A
  • Moses recieved the ten commandments at Mount Sinai and established the covenant between God and the Israelites
23
Q

Who are the three patriarchs?

A
  • Abraham
  • Isaac
  • Jacob
24
Q

Why was Jacobs name changed to Israel?

A
  • He demonstrated that he was willing to let God prevail in his life.
  • God changed Jacob’s name to Israel, meaning ‘let God prevail.
  • God then promised Israel that all the blessings that had been pronounced upon Abraham’s head would also be his
25
Q

How did God renew the covenant with Isaac and Jacob?

A
  • Promised Isaac the same thing once Abraham died
  • Jacob consecrated a memorial pillar and promised to worship God if he provided for him and kept him safe
  • Jacob changed his name to Israel and had 12 sons who would lead the 12 tribes of Israel
26
Q

What is the covenantal promise

A
  • It provides an inextricable link between between Jews and the Covenant
  • Promise that God will care and provide for the Israelites as long as they worship him in return
27
Q

What are the three principal beliefs?

A
  • Belief in one God who is the Creator and the ruler of the universe
  • The concept of moral law prescribed by God
  • The idea of a covenant
28
Q

Discuss the belief in the one God and the attributes of God

A
  • Name of God is too sacred to utter
  • Comes from the story of Abraham who introduced a monotheistic belief
  • Reflected through the Shema which is the declaration of faith
  • Rejects any form of idolatry
    Shama is recited twice daily
  • Shema is kept on Jewish doorsteps in a canister called the Mezuzah
29
Q

What are the attributes of God

A
  • Omnipotent: all powerful
  • Omnipresent: God is everywhere
  • Omniscient: all knowing
  • Underpins God as a transcendent being
30
Q

Outline the concept of a creator God

A
  • He becomes the Lord of all Creation when he interacts with Moses
  • God is transcendent but still involved in the world (with the patriarchs)
31
Q

What are the core ethical teachings of Judaism?

A
  • Prophetic vision
  • The commandments of the Torah
  • Book of proverbs (wisdom, righteousness, generosity of spirit)
32
Q

Outline the ethic teaching of prophetic vision

A
  • Tikkun Olam is the jewish of a commitment to social justice and social order

SOR2 (4 decks)

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