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World Religions > Judaism > Flashcards

Judaism Flashcards

0
Q

Syncretization

A

A culture that combines different elements of smaller/other cultures.

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1
Q

Cultural assimilation

A

When new customs and attitudes are acquired by a group of people through contact and communication.

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2
Q

Nonconformity

A

The refusal or failure to conform to accepted standards, conventions, rules, or laws.

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3
Q

Orthopraxy

A

Rites/rituals that a person does

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4
Q

Orthodoxy

A

Beliefs/doctrines of a religion

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5
Q

Story telling

A

Telling of a story without necessarily believing it

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6
Q

Story dwelling

A

Understanding and believing a story

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7
Q

Secular

A

Non-religious

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8
Q

Neolithic revolution

A

The change from nomad-like life to sedimentary life.

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9
Q

Diaspora

A

The settling of scattered colonies of Jews outside Palestine after the Babylonian exile

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10
Q

Covenant

A

A usually formal, solemn, and binding agreement

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11
Q

Canaan

A

A region that became modern-day Israel

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12
Q

Exodus

A

The departure of the Israelites from Egypt

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13
Q

Exile & Return

A

The idea that over times, Jews have been exiled and have returned to their promised land, which increased their faith in God.

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14
Q

Codify

A

To arrange into a systematic code

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16
Q

What is a Huppah, and what does it represent?

A

A shawl under which wedding ceremonies are performed. The huppah represents the heavens and God’s creation

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17
Q

Who was Abraham?

A

Abraham was the biblical figure who had to sacrifice his son Isaac. He made the covenant with God.

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18
Q

What is the dual Torah?

A

The Dual Torah is a creation of the rabbis during the Rabbinic Period.

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19
Q

Who were Hillel and Shammai?

A

The first two rabbis.

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20
Q

What is Anti-Semitism?

A

The discrimination against Jews.

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21
Q

What was the Blood Libel?

A

The belief that the Jews were responsible for the killing of the Messiah, Jesus.

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22
Q

What were the Crusades?

A

A series made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries.

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23
Q

What are pogroms?

A

Systematic attacks on Jews.

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24
Q

Define Zionism.

A

Zionism is the belief in a need for a Jewish state.

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25
Q

Who first proposed the idea of a Jewish State? And when?

A

The idea was proposed for Theodor Herzl in his book “The Jewish State”, written in 1897.

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26
Q

What was the Balfour Declaration?

A

The Balfour Declaration was the British decision that Jews could have a country, so long as non-Jews were protected.

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27
Q

Who were the first two leaders of Israel?

A

David and Solomon.

28
Q

What is Yom Kippur?

A

It is the most sacred day in the Jewish calendar. It is a day to reflect on past sins and ask for God’s forgiveness.

29
Q

What is a sukkot?

A

A sukkot is a hut or booth, usually made of natural material such as wood or leaves.

30
Q

What is special about the roof of a sukkot?

A

The roof must allow for people inside the sukkot to see the stars at night.

31
Q

What does the holiday of Sukkot remember?

A

It remembers the forty years of wandering in the desert after escaping from slavery in Egypt.

32
Q

What is Rosh Hashanah?

A

Rosh Hashanah is the anniversary of the creation of Adam and Eve. More simply, it is the Jewish new year.

33
Q

What is a shofar?

A

The shofar is the ram’s horn that is sounded on the holiday Rosh Hashanah.

34
Q

What is another name for Passover?

A

Pesach.

35
Q

What does Passover represent?

A

Passover represents the exclusion of the Jews from the last plague, the killing of the first-born children.

36
Q

How long does Passover last?

A

Eight days.

37
Q

What are the rules of eating during Passover?

A

During Passover, there is no eating of “Chametz”, or leavened grain. There can not be any eating of anything with any trace of wheat.

38
Q

What is the food typically eaten during Passover?

A

Matzah.

39
Q

What does Matzah symbolize?

A

It symbolizes the time when the Jews did not have time to allow the bread to rise, thus creating a flat, unleavened bread.

40
Q

What is the meal eaten on the first two nights of Passover?

A

A seder.

41
Q

Of what does a seder consist?

A

Matzah, bitter herbs, and four cups of wine (or grape juice, if you’re a child).

42
Q

What is the shawl under which Jews are married?

A

A huppah.

43
Q

What is the marriage certificate that is signed under the huppah?

A

The ketubah.

44
Q

What is the prayer that a Jew tries to say while dying?

A

The Shema.

45
Q

What is Kaddish?

A

Kaddish a prayer said upon the death of a Jew.

46
Q

When does the “bris milah” take place?

A

On the eighth day of a baby boy’s life. It is always done on the eighth day, regardless of what holiday takes place. The only reason it would not occur on that day is if the baby is too weak or ill to undergo the procedure.

47
Q

What language was created through the amalgamation of Hebrew and German?

A

Yiddish.

48
Q

What are the four branches of Judaism, in order from least to most devoted to the religion?

A

Reform, Conservative, Orthodox, and Hosidic (AKA Ultra-Orthodox).

49
Q

What are some of the qualities of Reform Judaism?

A

Reform Jews are open and tolerant to modernization, and believe that the commandments which were first passed down from God may not still be applicable.

50
Q

What are some of the qualities of Conservative Judaism?

A

Conservative Jews are the most common of Jews, and some communities even allow for females to become rabbis. They arose among Orthodox Jews who were more sympathetic to Modern life.

51
Q

What are some of the qualities of Orthodox Judaism?

A

Orthodox Jews consider themselves to be continuing Rabbinic, Premodern Judaism. They resist modern life, and believe the covenant to be unchanging. Their practices are almost exclusively in Hebrew. They are separate from the community, and don’t care about modernization.

52
Q

What are some of the qualities of Hosidic/ Ultra-Orthodox Judaism?

A

Hosidic Jews have a very elaborate dress code, which was worn by their ancestors. They emerged from the 12th Century, and NEVER modernize or assimilate.

53
Q

In what year did the Romans destroy the second temple?

A

70 CE.

54
Q

What were the branches of Judaism before the destruction of the second temple?

A

Zealots, Samaritans, Essenes, Nazarenes.

55
Q

What is the capital is Israel?

A

Jerusalem.

56
Q

What is the wailing wall?

A

A wall that is believed to be a remnant of the second temple in Jerusalem, and it’s where many Jews pray.

57
Q

What was the UN Partition Plan, and when did it take place?

A

The dividing of a state for Jews, and a state for Arabs. It was in 1947.

58
Q

What six states declared war on Israel the day after it’s creation?

A

Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, and Yemen.

59
Q

How long did the six-day war last?

A

…Figure it out.

60
Q

Who won the 1947 war?

A

Israel.

61
Q

Who won the six-day war?

A

Israel.

62
Q

What is the name of the representative body of the Palestinians?

A

The PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization)

63
Q

On what holiday did the Palestinians last?

A

Yom Kippur.

64
Q

What is an intifada?

A

A prolonged attack using gorilla warfare by the Palestinians.

65
Q

Because of the second intifada, what did the Israelites build?

A

A wall.

66
Q

What were the dates of the first intifada?

A

1987-1993.

67
Q

What were the dates of the second intifada?

A

2000-2005.

World Religions (1 decks)

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