Journal Entries Flashcards
Journal Entries under the Equity Method Pg. 4-4, 4-7
a) Acq of investment at cost (BUY)
b) Investor income (Company Earns Money)
c) % of cash dividend (Investee get paid)
d) Record Amort/Depre/Impair of excess of BV and purchase price (Amortize/Depre/Imapir of excess)
*When company earns money, the investment of investee goes up b/c of significant influence; when company pays dividends, investment goes down
a) Invest: debit includes BV, PP&E, goodwill
Cash: credit
b) Invest: debit
Equity in earnings: credit (I/S acctg goes to non-
operating)
c) Cash: debit
Invest: credit b/c paid out of dividends and lowers invest
since it comes out of retained earnings (b/c owns >20%)
d) Equity in earnings: debit include goodwill, PP&E (from the write up from BV, FMW, and purchase price (I/S acctg) => comes from non-operating
Invest: credit (B/S acctg)
Journal Entries under the Cost Method Pg. 4-5, 4-7
a) Buy the investment
b) Investor income (Company Earns Money)
c) Record % of cash dividend (Investee gets paid)
d) Record Amort/Depre/Impair of excess of BV and purchase price (Amortize/Depre/Imapir of excess)
*When company earns money, the investment of investee doesn’t change b/c no significant influence
a) Invest: debit
Cash: credit
b) No entry because only owns comes from non-
operating (Not credit invest b/c owns b/c they dont have significant
influence in company
**No change in investment in T-acctg
Changes in ownership Pg. 4-7
a) Equity to Cost
b) Cost to Equity
a) Prospective: cost method going forward
b) Retrospectively apply equity method b/c now have to add journal entries for record % of cash dividend & record amort/depre/impair
Journal Entry Trading Securitites Pg. 5-2
a) To purchase investment
b) Unrealized gain
c) Unrealized loss
*Significance?
a) Invest in Trading Securities: debit
Cash: credit
b) Mkt adj - Trading securities (B/S): debit
Unrealized gain (I/S): credit
c) Unrealized loss (I/S): debit
Mkt adj - Trading securities (B/S): credit
*Since its I/S it is “this year only”
Journal Entry Available for Sale Pg. 5-3
a) To purchase investment
b) Unrealized gain
c) Unrealized loss
*Significance?
a) Invest in Trading Securities: debit Cash: credit b) Mkt adj - AVS securities (B/S): debit Unrealized gain (B/S): credit c) Unrealized loss (B/S): debit Mkt adj - AVS securities (B/S): credit
- Think of DENT pg. 2-3
- Since its B/S it is cumulative balance Pg. 5-3 (Get NET)
Journal Entry on Fair Value Hedge Pg. 6-4
The asset then dropped in price
Its your asset:
Inventory: debit (b/c our asset)
Cash: credit
Decline in price:
Loss on market decline in inventory: debit
Inventory: credit
Hedge for loss:
Receivable on derivative: debit (B/S)
Gain on fair value hedge: credit (I/S)
**No NET income b/c hedge
Journal Entry on Cash Flow Hedge Pg. 6-5
Its your asset:
Inventory: debit (b/c our asset)
Cash: credit
Decline in price:
Loss on market decline in inventory: debit
Inventory: credit
Hedge for loss:
Other comprehensive income-loss on cash flow hedge: debit
(Goes to OCI b/c DENT) B/S
Payable on derivative: credit
Journal Entry on foreign currency: buying equipment Pg. 6-2 update
Equipment: debit
Due to X Company: credit
(convert from spot rate)
*Goes to income statement (remeasure)
Journal Entry on financial instruments DENOMINATED in foreign currency Pg. 6-2 update
Foreign currency exchange loss: debit
Due to X Company: credit
*Goes to income statement (remeasure)
Journal Entry on Inventory (Perpetual)
At the time of purchase
At sales occur
*Ongoing, real-time count
Inventory: debit
A/P: credit
A/R: debit
Sales Revenue: credit
COGS: debit
Inventroy credit
Journal Entry on Inventory (Periodic)
At the time of purchase
At year end
*Physical inventory count
Purchase: debit
COGS (plug at year end): debit
Purchases: credit
Journal Entry on buying and selling inventory
a) Buying
b) Selling
a) Inventory: debit
A/P: credit
b) A/R: debit
Sales Revenue: credit
COGS: debit
Inventory: credit
Journal Entry on Life insurance in finding life insurance expense Pg. 4-7
If there is dividend received? Also include in addition
Cash surrender value: debit
Insurance expense: debit
Cash: credit
Cash: debit
Insurance expense: credit
Journal Entry for Propery, Plant, and Equipment?
*Reason for journal entry?
Asset: debit; include purchase price, legal fees, delinquent taxes, title insurance, transportation (freight in), installation, test runs, and sales taxes
Cash: credit
*Because we are capitalizing since we are matching the cost of the aseet with the period’s benefit
Journal Entry for Lump Sum Purchases Pg. 8-1
Land: debit
Building: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Asset Retirement Obligation Pg. 8-3
Accretion Expense: debit
ARO Liability: credit
Journal Entry for asset as a donation Pg. 8-3
Land: debit Other income (Contribution Revenue): credit
Journal Entry for capitalization of interest; interest from money used to build asset Pg. 8-3
Building WIP: debit
Interest Expense: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for repairs and maintenance expense Pg. 8-5
Repairs and Maintence Expense: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry how to sell an asset and replace with new asset Pg. 8-5
Accummulated Depreciation: debit
Loss: debit
Asset: credit
Asset: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry to record depreciation Pg. 8-6
Depreciation Expense I/S: debit
Accumulated Depreciation: credit (B/S contra asset account => reduction of asset)
Journal Entry to Selling an asset Pg. 8-10
Cash: debit Accumulated Depreciation: debit Loss: NONE Asset: credit Gain: NONE
*Assume cash received is book value
Journal Entry of Disposal of fixed assets Pg. 8-14
Cash: debit
Loss on sale: debit
Accumulated depreciation: debit
Asset: credit
Journal Entry for Impairment loss Pg. 8-12
Loss on Impairment (I/S): debit
Accumulated Depreciation: credit
Journal Entry for Accured revenue Pg. 9-6 Def
Journal Entry for Accured expense
*Significance?
Revenue that is earned but not received Receivable: debit Revenue: credit (I/S) Then receive... Cash: debit Receivable: credit
Expense that is incurred but has not been paid Expense: debit (I/S) Payable: credit Then pay... Payable: debit Cash: credit
*Income statement is “hit” at different times
Journal Entry for Deferred Revenue Pg. 9-6 Def
Journal Entry for Deferred expense
*Significance?
Money that you received but have not earned Cash: debit Deferred Revenue: credit (liabitility) When you earn it... Deferred Revenue: debit Revenue: credit (I/S)
Something you paid but is not yet expensed
Deferred Expense: debit (pre-paid) => (asset)
Cash: credit
Expense: debit (I/S)
Deferred Expense: credit
*Income statement is “hit” at different times
Journal Entry for Prepaid Insurance Pg. 9-7
Insurance Expense: debit
Prepaid insurance: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Royalties Pg. 9-8
Royalty expense: debit
Prepaid royalties: debit
Accured royalties: credit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Life Insurance Pg. 9-8
Cash surrender value: debit
Life insurance: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Goodwill impairment loss Pg. 9-4
Impairment loss: debit (I/S: income from continuing operations)
Goodwill: credit
Journal Entry for Uncollectible Receivable Pg. 13-1
1) First Sale
2) Then What ever you cant collect
1) A/R: debit (B/S)
Sales Revenue: credit (I/S)
2) Bad Debt expense: debit (I/S)
Allowance for Doubtful accounts: credit (contra)
*Difference is NRV
Journal Entry for Direct Write-off method Pg. 13-1
- What does it violate?
- Why is this method used even though its not GAAP?
- What is the purpose of having bad debt expense, even though it violates GAAP?
Bad Debt Expense: debit
A/R: credit
*Violates GAAP because it does not follow matching; bad debt expense not recorded at time of sale
Also not Conservative because stated at FACE and not at NRV => it is overstated
*Used for tax purposes
TESTED Journal Entry for Accounts Receivable Pg. 13-3 a) To record bad debt expense b) Write-Off receivable c) Recovery of A/R
a) Bad debt expense: debit Allowance for doubtful: credit (B/S) b) Means that the company will not collect the money Allowance for doubtful: debit A/R: credit *No net effect on value when write off happens c) Customer decided to pay you back A/R: debit Allowance: credit Cash: debit A/R: credit
Journal Entry for pledging or assigning (borrow) Pg. 13-4
Cash: debit
Note payable: credit
Journal Entry for impairments or receivables Pg. 13-8
Bad debt expense: debit
Allowance for impaired loan: credit
Journal Entry for notes received soley for cash Pg. 13-9
Journal Entry for good or services
TESTED
N/R: debit (company asset)
Cash: credit (company lends out cash)
Notes receivable: debit
Discount on N/R: credit
Asset: credit
Gain on sale: credit
Journal Entry for factoring
Pg. 13-5
Cash: debit
Loss on factoring: debit
Allowance for bad debts: debit
A/R: credit
Journal Entry bond issued at par value Pg. 10-2
How to account for interest issued?
Cash: debit
Bonds Payable: credit
Interest Expense: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for bond issued at discount Pg. 10-2
How to account for interest expense?
Starts small then gets bigger
Cash: debit
Discount: debit
Bonds payable: credit
Interest Expense: debit (use market, effective, yield rate)
Discount: credit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for bond issued at a premium Pg. 10-2
How to account for interest expense
Starts big then gets small
Cash: debit
Premium: credit
Bonds Payable: credit
Interest expense: debit (use market, effective, yield rate)
Premium: debit
Cash: credit
What is the Journal Entry of a bond at issuance (with BIC and Accrued Interest) Pg. 10-6
- What is the order?
- How do you calculate the carrying value or face
- Cash (% face + Accrued Interest - BIC)
- BIC
- Discount (plug)
- Bond Payable (face)
- Accrued Interest Payable (face x(stated rate) x (time -
since last interest paid) - Premium (plug)
*bonds payable net of discount or premium (NOT net of BIC)
Journal Entry of Bond Retirement def? Pg. 10-8
When bond is called, retired or redeemed prior to maturity (opposite of issuing bonds)
Bonds payable: debit (face) Premium: debit (unamortized) Loss (plug): debit BIC: credit Discount: credit Cash: credit (amount to retire) Gain (plug): credit
Journal Entry for convertible bonds Pg. 10-9 def
Book Value VS Market Value
*What kind of gain/loss is convertible bond?
Get rid of bond (retired) to get common stock
Bonds payable: debit (face) Premium: debit BIC: credit Common stock: credit (par value) Additional Paid-in capital: credit
Bonds payable: debit (face) Premium: debit Loss: debit BIC: credit Common stock: credit (par value) Additional Paid-in capital: credit Gain: credit
*Not extraordinary because its not uncommon to convert bonds
Journal Entry for bonds with detachable stock purchase warrants Pg. 10-9
Cash: debit
Discount: debit
Bond Payble: credit (par)
APIC - Warrants: credit
- Looks like a premium but isn’t because 2 securities in 1; give value for both bond and warrant
- Same as issuing a bond but with APIC
Journal Entry for lease Pg. 11-4
a) Day one
b) First Payment (day 1)
c) Second Payment (one day later)
a) Leased asset: debit Leased Liability: credit b) Lease Liability: debit Cash: credit c) Leased Liability: debit Interest Expense: debit => use effective interest method to amortize Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Sales type lease Pg. 11-5
Gross investment in lease: debit (face)
Sales Revenue: credit
Unearned interest revenue: credit
Cost of goods sold: debit
Inventory: credit
Journal Entry for Direct financing lease Pg. 11-6
Lease payment receivables: debit
Equipment: credit
Unearned interest revenue: credit
Journal Entry for Sale-leaseback Pg. 11-6
What do you do with deferred gain under capital lease?
What do you do with deferred gain under an operating lease?
Cash: debit
Equipment (asset): credit
DEFERRED gain: credit
Depreciation Expense: debit Accumulated Depreciation: credit Deferred gain: debit Depreciation Expense: credit **reduces future expense
Rent Expense: debit Cash: credit Deferred gain: debit Rent expense: credit **reduces future expense
Journal Entry for Accounts Payable WITH discount Pg. 12-1
a) Gross method
b) Net method
a) Purchases: debit
A/P: credit
A/P: debit
Cash: credit
Discount: credit (lowers COGS)
b) Purchases: debit
A/P: credit
A/P: debit
Expense: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Accured Liabilities/Expense Pg. 12-2 def?
An expense that is incurred but not yet paid in cash
Expense: debit (I/S) Accured Liability (Salaries payable B/S): credit (current liability)
Accured Liability: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Prepaid Expenses (Current Asset) Pg. 12-2 def?
Expenses paid in cash, but not yet incurred (like asset)
Prepaid Expense: debit (current asset)
Cash: credit
Expense: debit (I/S)
Prepaid Expense: credit
Journal Entry for Deferred Revenue Pg 12-2 def?
Revenue collected but not yet earned
Cash: debit
Unearned Revenue: credit (B/S) (current liability)
Unearned Revenue: debit
Revenue: credit (I/S)
Journal Entry for Revenue Receivable Pg. 12-3 def?
Revenue earned but not yet collected (asset)
Receivable: debit
Revenue: credit (I/S)
Cash: debit
Receivable: credit
Journal Entry for Warranty costs Pg. 12-3
a) Warranty cost
b) The amount spent on actual repairs is applied to the liability
a) Warranty expense: debit
Estimated warranty liability: credit
b) Estimated warranty liability: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Pension (defined contribution) Pg. 14-1
Rarely Tested
Pension Expense: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Issuing Common Stock Pg. 15-1
Cash: debit
Common Stock: credit
APIC - common stock: credit
Journal Entry for buying back stock (treasury stock) via cost method Pg. 15-3
- Repurchase
- Resell
Cash: debit
Common stock: credit (par) B/S
APIC - common stock: credit B/S
*Repurchase
Treasury stock: debit (contra equity) => reduction of total equity outstanding VERY IMPORTANT
Cash: credit
Cost in, cost out!!!
*Resell
Cash: debit
APIC - treasury stock: debit
What is a contra account? Example
Treasury stock cost is a debit account even though it is from an equity account (supposed to be credit); therefore, it is considered a contra equity account
Journal Entry for giving out dividends Pg. 15-11 def for each
a) Declaration date
b) Record date
c) Payment date
a) The board of directors commits to the dividend
Retained earnings: debit
Dividend payable: credit
b) The shareholders at this date are identified as the ones entitled to the dividend
No Journal Entry
c) Distribution is made to the shareholders of record
Dividends Payble: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Tax Liability: Pg. 19-3
a) Book
b) Tax
a) X1: Expense: debit Prepaid Expense: debit Cash: credit X2: Expense: debit Prepaid: credit
b) X1: Expense: debit
Cash: credit
X2: Already expensed all out, therefore it is 0
Journal Entry for Net Operating Loss Pg. 19-7
Income tax refund receivable: debit
Deferred tax asset: debit
Income tax benefit: credit (I/S)
Journal Entry for Normal Accrual Method: Profit is recognized at point of sale Pg. 22-2
Journal Entry for the inventory that goes out?
*What do you have to add for installment sales?
Cash: debit
A/R: debit
Sales revenue: credit (I/S)
COGS: debit (I/S)
Inventory: credit
*Unrealized Gross Profit: debit
Deferred Gross Profit: credit
Journal Entry for Billings Pg. 23-3
a) Completed Contract Method
b) Percentage of Completion
a) Construction Receivable: debit
Billings: credit (current liability)
b) Construction Receivable: debit
Billings: credit (current liability)
Journal Entry for Collections Pg. 23-3
a) Completed Contract Method
b) Percentage of Completion
a) Cash: debit
Construction Receivable: credit
b) Construction Receivable: debit
Billings: credit (current liability)
Journal Entry for Costs Pg. 23-3
a) Completed Contract Method
b) Percentage of Completion
a) Construction in Progress (CIP): debit
Cash: credit
b) Construction Receivable: debit
Billings: credit (current liability)
Journal Entry for Profit Pg. 23-3
a) Completed Contract Method
b) Percentage of Completion
a) NONE, no income until its done
b) CIP: debit
Gross profit on CIP (I/S): credit
Journal Entry for Government Interfund transaction (Operating transfers)
Pg. 30-17 => from general fund to service fund
*Getting out of general fund
Other financial uses: debit
Cash: credit
*Get into debt service fund
Cash: debit
Other financial sources: credit
Journal Entry for Government Interfund transaction (Quasi-external transactions) => “as if” it was an external transaction (one fund pays another fund for services or goods) Pg. 30-17 => Capital fund pays enterprise fund
*Capital fund pays
Expenditures - utilities: debit
Cash: credit
*Enterprise fund receives
Cash: debit
Revenues: credit
Journal Entry for Government Interfund transaction (Reimbursement)
*General fund spent money
Expenditure - conference: debit
Cash: credit
*General gets money back
Cash: debit
Expenditure: credit
*The fund that pays for it (modified acrrual)
Expenditure: debit
Cash: credit
*The fund that pays for it (acrrual)
Expense: debit
Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Goverment Interfund transaction (Loan)
*Fund lending out the money
Due from special revenue fund: debit
Cash: credit
*Fund that receives the moeny
Cash: debit
Due to enterprise fund: credit
Journal Entry for Government Accounting: Set-up Budget (Revenue)
Pg. 30-15
Estimated Revenue: debit
Estimated other financing sources: debit (bonds & transfer in)
Budgetary Fund Balance - unreserved: credit (plug)
Appropriations: credit (authorize to spend on budget)
Estimated other financing uses: credit (spent)
Journal Entry for Government Accounting:
- Assess Property Taxes (Revenue) Pg. 30-15
- a) Collect Property Taxes
b) Over-collection of property taxes
c) Write off Property Tax receivables
*Assess Property Tax Property Tax Receivable: debit Allowance for Uncollectibles: credit (dont think gonna get) Revenues: credit (net) Deferred Revenue: credit
*a) Collect property tax Cash: debit Tax Receivable: credit b) Over-collection of property taxes Allowance for uncollectibles: debit Revenues: credit c) Write off Property Tax receivables Allowance for uncollectibles: debit Taxes Receivable: credit
Journal Entry for Government Accounting: Pg. 30-15 (Revenue)
a) Bill business licenses
b) Collect business licenses
a) No journal entry because cannot accrue => only journal entry when received
b) Cash: debit
Revenues: credit
Journal Entry for Government Accounting:
Pg. 30-7 (Expenditures)
a) Order Goods
b) Receive Goods
c) Actual invoice from vendor is recorded
d) Actual payment of the voucher
a) Encumbrances: debit Reserved for Encumbrances: credit b) Reserved for Encubrances: debit Encumbrances: credit c) Expenditures: debit Vouchers Payable: credit d) Vouchers payable: debit Cash: credit
Journal Entry for Government Accounting:
Pg. 30-9 (Closing Entries)
a) Closing Budgetary Entries
b) Closing Accrual Accounts
a) Flip set-up budget Appropriations: debit Estimated Other Financing Use: debit Budgetary Fund Balance - Unreserved: debit Estimated Revenue: credit Estimated Other financing source: credit b) Revenues: debit Fund Balance - unreserved: debit Other financing sources: debit Expenditures: credit Encumbrances: credit Other financing uses: credit
TESTED
Journal Entry for Contributions (Not for profit) Pg. 32-6
a) Received unrestricted net asset
b) Received temporary restricted net asset
c) When you actually spend the temporary restricted net asset
d) Received permanently restricted net asset
*What is significant with an increase in “unrestricted net assets” and the increase in the “expense”
a) Cash: debit (operating cash inflow) Revenues (Unrestricted net asset): credit b) Cash: debit (operating cash inflow) Revenues (Temporary restricted net asset): credit c) Have to convert from temporarily restricted net asset to unrestricted net asset Net assets released (TRNA): debit Net assets released (UNA): credit Expenses (UNA): debit Cash: credit d) Cash: debit (financing cash inflow) Revenue (PRNA): credit
*Has no net effect on unrestricted net assets
Journal Entry for Donations of services
Pg. 32-7
*Recognize expense and revenue that was donated because its a service that you would normally pay Expense (UNA): debit Contribution Revenue (UNA): credit
Journal Entry for Pledge Pg. 32-9
Then becomes unrestricted net asset
*An unconditional promise to give Pledges receivable: debit (PV) Allowance for uncollectible pledges: credit Revenues (UNA): credit Revenues (TRNA): credit
Net asset released (TRNA): debit
Net asset released (UNA): credit
Journal Entry for Agent or Trustee Pg. 32-9
a) If they have variance power over the donation to redirect the money, and the beneficiary of the donation is financially related => considered revenue
b) When it is considered a liability
Cash: debit
Contribution Revenue: credit
Cash: debit
Refundable advance: credit (liability)
Journal Entry for Colleges & Universities Pg. 32-9
- If I go to school, what is it considered?
- What are refunds considered?
Cash: debit
Scholarship expense: debit
Tuition remission: debit
Tuition revenue: credit
- Considered revenues
- NOT revenue
Journal Entry to acquire an investment Pg. 31-6
Journal Entry to consolidate the investment; what is the purpose of closing?
Journal Entry to consolidate the investment with a noncontrolling interest
Investment: debit
Cash: credit
*Close out everything from ACQUIREE => because consolidation will go ACQUIRER's books C/S: debit APIC: debit R/E: debit Equipment: debit (write up to FMV) Goodwill: debit Investment: credit Gain: credit business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized
*Same as above but add:
Noncontrolling interest: credit
Journal Entry Intercompany PP&E Pg, 31-15
a) You sell the PP&E
b) You buy the PP&E
c) To fix/eliminate on gain, payable, and receivable
d) To fix/eliminate over depreciation
a) Cash or A/R: debit => problem b/c cant owe yourself Accumulated Depreciation: debit PP&E: credit *GAIN: credit => problem because it will be a gain to yourself b) PP&E: debit Cash or A/P: credit => problem b/c cant owe yourself c) Gain: debit PP&E: debit Accumulated Depreciation: credit Also: A/P: debit A/R: credit d) Overdepreciate by gain (Flip depreciation expense) Accumulated Depreciation: debit Depreciation Expense: credit
Journal Entry Intercompany Bonds Pg. 31-15
a) Company issues bonds at face/par value
b) Subsidiary purchases bonds from an outside investor
c) To Eliminate the gain, and payable
a) Cash: debit Bonds Payable: credit b) Investment: debit Cash: credit Discount: credit => really a gain to yourself so fix c) Eliminate the bond Bonds payable: debit Investment in bonds: credit Gain on retirement: credit => only in worksheet
Journal Entry Intercompany Inventory Sales Pg. 31-16
a) You sell inventory
b) You buy inventory
c) Then buyer sells inventory
d) To eliminate profit in ending, sales, and PP&E
a) Cash: debit Sales revenue: credit COGS: debit Inventory: credit b) Inventory: debit => gives you % profit in ending Cash: credit c) Cash: debit Sales revenue: credit COGS: debit Inventory: credit d) Sales revenue: debit Inventory: credit (% profit in ending) COGS: credit
Journal Entry for Net Income for Cash Flow Pg. 25-10
Net Income: debit
Retained Earnings: credit
Journal Entry to convert bonds to common stock? Stockholder’s equity #7
Bond payable: debit
Discount: debit
C/S: credit
APIC: credit
What is the journal entry for an accrued liability? (An expense incurred but not yet paid in cash) Pg. 12-2
*When you pay
Expense: debit
Accrued liability: credit
*Accrued liability: debit
Cash: credit
Journal entry for Prepaid Expense (Expenses paid in cash, but not yet incurred) Pg. 12-2
*When incurred
Prepaid Expense: debit
Cash: credit
Expense: debit
Prepaid Expense: credit
Journal entry deferred revenue (Revenue collected, but not yet earned) Pg. 12-2
*When earned
Cash: debit
Unearned Revenue: credit
*Unearned revenue: debit
Revenue: credit (I/S)